Conjunct

In linguistics, the term conjunct has three distinct uses:

• A conjunct is an adverbial that adds information to the sentence that is not considered part of the propositional content (or at least not essential) but which connects the sentence with previous parts of the discourse. Rare as it may be, conjuncts may also connect to the following parts of the discourse.
  • It was raining. Therefore, we didn’t go swimming.
  • It was sunny. However, we stayed inside.
  • You are such a dork. Still, I love you from the bottom of my heart.
• A conjunct is one of the terms that are conjoined in a conjoining construction. Conjuncts are conjoined by means of a conjunction, which can be coordinating, subordinating or correlative. Conjuncts can be words, phrases, clauses, or full sentences.
  • [Gretchen and her daughter] bought [motor oil, spark plugs, and dynamite].
  • Take two of these and call me in the morning.
• A verb form, for example the conjunct verb endings of Old Irish or the conjunct mood (sometimes called the subjunctive mood) of Algonquian languages.

This article discusses the first kind of conjunct.

English conjuncts often have the following functions

• Listing (indicating that what follows is a list of propositions)

To begin with, I have to tell you that I'm most displeased with your performance in the show. I also think you did a bad job painting the house. You're a lousy cook. You smell. Your hat is ... etc.

• Enumerative (indicating items on a list of propositions)

First, we have to buy bread. Second, we need to take the car to the garage.Third, we have to call your dentist and make an appointment.

• Additive (indicating that the content of the sentence is in addition to the preceding one)

He has no money. In addition, he has no means of getting any.

• Summative (summing up, or concluding, on the preceding sentence(s))

A is B. A is C. To sum up, A is several things.

• Appositive (rephrasing the preceding sentence)

Music is appreciated in France. In other words, the French love music.

• استنتاجي/نتيجة (يشير إلى أن محتوى الجملة هو نتيجة للأحداث المذكورة في الجملة السابقة)

فقدت الآنسة غولد وظيفتها. ولذلك ، لم يكن لديها أي مال.

• مضاد (يشير إلى أن محتوى الجملة يتناقض مع محتوى الجملة السابقة)

يقال إن الماء يتدفق إلى أعلى التل. على العكس من ذلك ، فإنه يتدفق إلى أسفل التل.

• الاستدلال الاستنباطي (يشير إلى أن محتوى الجملة "موجود" على الرغم من المحتوى الموجود في الجملة السابقة)

الجو بارد جداً. مع ذلك ، خرجت في نزهتي الصباحية .

• زمني (يشير إلى العلاقة الزمنية بين محتوى الجملة والجملة السابقة)

تناولت الغداء. وفي هذه الأثناء ، قامت زوجتي بقص شعرها.

• منفصل