Drumhead

A drumhead or drum skin is a membrane stretched over one or both of the open ends of a drum. The drumhead is struck with sticks, mallets, or hands, so that it vibrates and the soundresonates through the drum.

Additionally outside of percussion instruments, drumheads are also used on some string instruments, most notably the banjo.

Originally, drumheads were made from animal hide and were first used in early human history, long before records began.^[1] The term drumhead is first attested in English in 1580, in the writings of the soldier Thomas Churchyard, who mentioned how "Dice plaie began ... on the toppe of Drommes heddes".^[2]

In 1956, Chick Evans invented the plastic drumhead. Plastic drumheads made from polyester are cheaper, more durable, and less sensitive to weather than animal skin. In 1957, Remo Belli and Sam Muchnick together developed a polymer head (also known as Mylar) leading to the development of the Remo drumhead company.^[1]

Despite the benefits of plastic heads, drummers in historical reenactment groups such as fife and drum use animal skin heads for historical accuracy. Rawhide heads are also popular with musicians performing in the jazz, orchestral and early music genres due to their preference for period correct sounds and instruments. Real hide heads are used on most hand drums, including djembes, frame drums, bongos, and congas, and also some banjos. In recent years, companies have begun manufacturing synthetic counterparts (most notably FiberSkyn) for certain hand drums such as congas, and also banjos. There has also been a resurgence in the use of genuine rawhide heads by drum kit players, with companies such as AF cueros orquestales from Argentina, AK Drums, Buchler Trommelbau and Kentville Drums or the Austrian Drumhead Company offering goat, calf and kangaroo hide drumheads respectively.

Another common material used for drumheads is aramid fiber, such as kevlar. Kevlar heads are also used in marching percussion.^[3]

قد تُصنع حلقة الطبل أو حافته من المعدن أو الخشب أو أي مادة أخرى، وتُستخدم لتثبيت غشاء الطبل على هيكل الطبل، إما بمسامير تمر عبر "مخالب" معدنية متصلة مباشرة بالحلقة، أو بمسامير تمر عبر ثقوب في حافة الطبل . تُسمى هذه المسامير "قضبان الشد"، وتُربط في "عروات" ملولبة متصلة بهيكل الطبل، وذلك لشد غشاء الطبل وضبطه. ^{[ 5 ]} مفتاح الطبل هو مفتاح ربط رباعي الأضلاع يُستخدم لربط قضبان الشد في العروات. ^{[ 6 ]}

يلجأ عازفو الطبول أحيانًا إلى استخدام رؤوس طبول خاصة لكتم صوت طبولهم. بعض رؤوس الطبول تأتي مكتمة الصوت مسبقًا. أما في أغلب الأحيان، فيتم كتم الصوت باستخدام كاتمات صوت خارجية.

• اهتزاز غشاء دائري ، لتوضيح المعالجة الرياضية
• قائمة مصنعي الطبول

• المعرفة العملية : الفرق بين أنواع جلود الطبول - تشريح جلد الطبل
• قائمة كاملة بمصنعي رؤوس الطبول: هوس الإكسسوارات
• شرح غشاء الطبل الرنان