Brugnola

Brugnola is a red Italian winegrape variety that is grown in the Lombardy wine region of Valtellina. While historically, Brugnola was thought to be a local synonym for Emilia-Romagna wine grape Fortana, DNA analysis has shown that the two grapes are distinct variety and that, instead, Brugnola shares a close genetic relationship with the Piedmont wine grape Nebbiolo.^[1]

Today, Brugnola is a permitted grape variety in the Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) of Valtellina Superiore, the grape is historically present throughout the provincial territory cultivated with vines, but more closely traced back to the Inferno sub-zone in historical documents.^[2][3][4][5]

Brugnola was long thought to be a local synonym used in the Valtellina region for the red Emilia-Romagna grape, Fortana. Even as recently as the 2000 census, plantings of Brugnola in Lombardy were officially counted as part of Fortana's 1,109 hectares (2,740 acres) planted throughout Italy. In the early 21st century, DNA analysis revealed that Brugnola and Fortana were distinct varieties but that Brugnola shared a close parent-offspring relationship with the Piemontese wine grape Nebbiolo, known locally as Chiavennasca.^[1]

In Lombardy, Brugnola is noted for producing reliable yields and its strong resistance to the viticultural hazards of downy mildew and botrytis bunch rot. However, the vine is very prone to damage caused by the onset of powdery mildew late in the growing season.^[1]

على الرغم من أن برونيولا كانت تُعتبر رسميًا مرادفًا لفورتانا فقط في تعداد السكان الإيطالي لعام 2000، يُعتقد أن جميع مزارع برونيولا تقريبًا في منطقة فالتيلينا هي مزارع برونيولا حقيقية. يُعد هذا العنب صنفًا مسموحًا به في مزج العديد من أنواع النبيذ الأحمر في فالتيلينا، وأبرزها نبيذ فالتيلينا سوبيريوري-غروميلو الحاصل على شهادة DOCG. هنا، يُمزج مع كل من نيبيولو (كيافيناسكا) وروسولا نيرا . ^{[ 1 ]}