Emblems of the Autonomous Soviet Republics
The emblems of the autonomous republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics are the heraldic symbols of the respective Autonomous Soviet Republic.
Prior to the approval of the Stalinist Constitution, which created many ASSRs, many ASSRs in that time had a distinctive emblem. The emblem of the ASSRs are usually round in shape. The emblem featured predominantly the hammer and sickle and the red star that symbolised communism. The USSR State motto, Workers of the world, unite!, in both the republic's language and some Russian was also placed on each one of them. In addition to those repetitive motifs, emblems of many Soviet republics also included features that were characteristic of their local landscapes, economies or cultures. All ASSRs emblems created during the korenizatsiya era usually included national patterns. The exception to this was the Bashkir ASSR, Crimean ASSR, and Moldavian ASSR, which used the emblem similar to their respective republics. A distinctive emblem was proposed in 1925, but it failed to gain official status.
After the approval of the constitution, many ASSRs changed their emblems according to their respective republic. The emblems of the ASSR were the same as the previous emblems, with only additions in inscription.
The table below presents versions of the renderings of the ASSRs' emblems prior to the approval of the Stalinist Constitution, as well as the arms of several ASSRs that ceased to exist before that time. For comparison, the arms of present-day successor states of the ASSRs are also shown.
All ASSRs ended the usage of their pre-Stalinist emblems in 1937. This was because the Stalinist Constitution of the ASSRs were adopted in 1937, about one to three months after the adoption of the Stalinist Constitution of the USSR on 5 December 1936.
Pre-Stalinist Emblems of the Autonomous Soviet Republics
| Autonomous Soviet Republic | Emblem | Main Article | Usage | Republic-specific features | Present-day national coat of arms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjara |  | Emblem of the Adjar ASSR | 1922-1937 | Plants | wheat, grapes |  Coat of arms of Adjara |
| Landscapes, geographic features | Caucasus Mountains | |||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Star and crescent | |||||
| Bashkortostan |  | Emblem of the Bashkir ASSR | 1925-1937 | Plants | wheat |  Coat of arms of Bashkortostan |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Baroquecartouche | |||||
| Chuvash |  | Emblem of the Chuvash ASSR | 1927-1931 | Plants | wheat |  Coat of arms of Chuvashia |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | gear | |||||
| Ornaments | Chuvash traditional ornaments | |||||
 | 1931-1937 | Plants | wheat, oak, spruce | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Chuvash traditional ornaments | |||||
 | 1937-1978 | Plants | wheat, oak, spruce | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Chuvash traditional ornaments | |||||
 | 1978-1992 | Plant | wheat, oak, fir | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Chuvash traditional ornaments | |||||
| Dagestan |  | Emblem of the Dagestan ASSR | 1921-1927 | Plants | wheat |  Coat of arms of Dagestan |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Baroquecartouche | |||||
 | 1927-1937 | Plants | vine, maize, wheat | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | Mount Bazardüzü | |||||
| Industry | gear | |||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
| Mordovia |  | Emblem of the Mordovian ASSR | 1934-1937 | Plants | wheat, spruce, hemp[1] |  Coat of arms of Mordovia |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
| Tatarstan |  | Emblem of the Tatar ASSR | 1920-1926 | Plants | wheat, leaves |  Coat of arms of Tatarstan |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | farming tools, peasant, worker | |||||
| Ornaments | Bow and arrow | |||||
 | 1926-1937 | Plants | wheat | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Baroquecartouche | |||||
| Volga German |  | Emblem of the Volga German ASSR | 1926-1937 | Plants | ||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
| Yakutia | | Emblem of the Yakut ASSR | 1926-1937 | Plants | wheat[2] |  Coat of arms of Yakutia |
| Landscapes, geographic features | Lena River, Aurora[3] | |||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
| Autonomous Republics that dissolved before 1991 | ||||||
| Crimea | Emblem of the Crimean ASSR | 1921-1938 | Plants | wheat |  | |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Baroquecartouche | |||||
| Kazakhstan |  | Emblem of the Kazakh ASSR | 1925-1927 | Plants | wheat |  |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Baroquecartouche | |||||
 | 1927-1937 | Plants | wheat, cotton | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | goats, horses, horsemen | |||||
| Industry | Factory | |||||
| Ornaments | Star and crescent | |||||
| Kyrgyzstan | | Emblem of the Kirghiz ASSR | 1927-1936 | Plants | wheat | |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
| Moldova | | Emblem of the Moldavian ASSR | 1925-1929 | Plants | maize, grapes[4] |  Coat of arms of Moldova |
| Landscapes, geographic features | Dniester River, Map of Moldavian ASSR[5] | |||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
 | 1929-1938 | Plants | wheat[6] | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Baroquecartouche[7] | |||||
| Tajikistan |  | Emblem of the Tajik ASSR | 1924-1929 | Plants | wheat, cotton |  Emblem of Tajikistan |
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
 | 1929-1931 | Plants | wheat, cotton | |||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | ||||||
| Turkestan |  | Emblem of the Turkestan ASSR | Plants | wheat | ||
| Landscapes, geographic features | ||||||
| Industry | ||||||
| Ornaments | Baroquecartouche | |||||
Proposed Emblems
| Autonomous Soviet Republic | Emblem | Proposed in | Republic-specific features | Present-day national coat of arms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bashkortostan |  | 1925 | Plants | wheat, maize | Coat of arms of Bashkortostan |
| Landscapes, geographic features | Mount Yamantau | ||||
| Industry | Factories, cities | ||||
 | Ornaments | ||||
 | Others | Salawat Yulayev | |||
| Checheno-Ingushetia |  | 1982 | Animals | cranes |  Coat of arms of Chechnya |
| Landscapes, geographic features | |||||
| Industry |  Coat of arms of Ingushetia | ||||
| Ornaments | flag of the Russian SFSR | ||||
| Dagestan | | 1926 | Plants | Coat of arms of Dagestan | |
| Landscapes, geographic features | Mount Bazardüzü | ||||
| Industry | |||||
| Ornaments | |||||
References
Citations
- ↑О государственном гербе и флаге.
- ↑Central State Archive of the Yakut ASSR 1972, p. 358
- ↑Central State Archive of the Yakut ASSR 1972, p. 358
- ↑Andrieş-Tabac 1998, pp. 116–119
- ↑Andrieş-Tabac 1998, pp. 116–119
- ↑Andrieş-Tabac 1998, pp. 116–119
- ↑Andrieş-Tabac 1998, pp. 116–119
Bibliography
- Central State Archive of the Yakut ASSR (1972), "Всеякутские съезды Советов : документы и материалы. 1922-1937"[All-Yakut Congresses of the Soviets : documents and materials. 1922-1937], e.nlrs.ru (in Russian), Yakutsk: Yakutsk Book Publishing, retrieved November 11, 2018
- Andrieş-Tabac, Silviu (1998), Heraldica teritorială a Basarabiei şi Transnistriei[Territorial heraldry of Bessarabia and Transnistria] (in Romanian), Chişinău: Museum
See also
- Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union
- National symbols of the Soviet Union