بالم بيتش، نيو ساوث ويلز

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الموسوعة الحرة

بالم بيتش هي ضاحية تقع في الشواطئ الشمالية لمدينة سيدني ، بولاية نيو ساوث ويلز ، أستراليا . تقع بالم بيتش على بُعد 41 كيلومترًا (25 ميلًا) شمال منطقة الأعمال المركزية في سيدني ، ضمن نطاق مجلس الشواطئ الشمالية . تقع بالم بيتش على شبه جزيرة في نهاية طريق بارينجوي بالقرب من بيت ووتر، وهي أقصى شاطئ شمالي في منطقة سيدني الكبرى . [ 3 ] بلغ عدد سكان بالم بيتش 1593 نسمة وفقًا لتعداد عام 2016. [ 4 ] 

يُشار إلى شاطئ بالم بيتش أحيانًا بالعامية باسم "بالمي"؛ [ 5 ] وقد استُخدم كموقع تصوير خارجي لمسلسل " هوم آند أواي" التلفزيوني ، حيث يُمثل بلدة سمر باي الخيالية . [ 6 ] كما أنه موضوع فيلم "بالم بيتش" الذي أُنتج عام 2018. [ 7 ] وعلى الرغم من أسعار العقارات الباهظة، إلا أنه لا يزال ملاذًا للعديد من الفنانين. وقد نُشرت كتابات تُشيد بهذا الشاطئ في "دليل شواطئ سيدني" الصادر عن دار ميوز للنشر . [ 8 ] وتتنوع المساكن في بالم بيتش بين الأكواخ والقصور الفخمة، [ 9 ] [ 10 ] والتي يمتلكها بعضٌ من أثرى أثرياء البلاد. كما يُمكن العثور على العديد من الأثرياء والمشاهير يقضون عطلاتهم الصيفية في بالم بيتش. ووفقًا لإحصاءات مكتب الضرائب الأسترالي للسنة المالية 2016-2017، كانت بالم بيتش والرمز البريدي 2108 أغنى ضاحية في أستراليا، بمتوسط ​​دخل خاضع للضريبة يبلغ 230,000 دولار. [ 11 ]

الجغرافيا

Palm Beach is bounded by Broken Bay to the north, the Tasman Sea (within the South Pacific Ocean) to the east, Whale Beach, Avalon and Clareville to the south, and Pittwater to the west. Barrenjoey Headland, which is in the north of the suburb, is part of Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park. The headland at the northernmost point rises quite sharply from the beach to over 100 metres (330 ft)above sea level, and features an operational lighthouse. The narrow sandy isthmus or tombolo linking the south side of the headland to the rest of Palm Beach had extensive fencing and shrub planting undertaken during the 1980s to combat sand erosion.

Localities

The suburb of Palm Beach also contains the following localities: Barrenjoey, Sand Point, Careel Bay, Paradise Beach and North Avalon.

Reserves and bushland

Along the cliffs and sanddunes there is much remnant bushland vegetation, located in reserves and national parks, with Barrenjoey headland being part of Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park.[12] These reserves often contain endangered ecological communities, such as Littoral Rainforest, and Pittwater spotted gum forest. See, for example, the articles, McKay Reserve, and Barrenjoey.

Landmarks

Barrenjoey Headland and Station Beach viewed from West Head

Landmarks include the Barrenjoey Lighthouse, Palm Beach-Boanbong Water Reservoir, Palm Beach-McKay Water Reservoir, Palm Beach-Squaters Lodge, Blueberry Ash, and Iluka Resort Apartments.

The 2.3-kilometre (1.4 mi) long east-facing eponymous beach curves in a gentle arc between the prominent 100-metre (330 ft) high, lighthouse capped, Barrenjoey Head to the sandstone rocks of Little Head in the south, beach linking Barrenjoey to the mainland. North Palm Beach extends 1.4 kilometres (0.87 mi) south from Barrenjoey, with the northern 600 metres (2,000 ft) backed by a 200-metre (660 ft) wide densely vegetated foredune. The southern Palm Beach section includes the southern 600 metres (2,000 ft) of beach, which curves to the southeast in the southern Kiddies Corner. It receives increasing protection from Little Head with waves decreasing in height down the beach. Rips usually extend all the way to the head, though usually smaller in size, with a weak permanent rip against the southern rocks.[13]

History

Photo of Kiddies Corner at Palm Beach viewed from Sunrise Rd in April 2021
Kiddies Corner at Palm Beach viewed from Sunrise Rd
Photo of Palm Beach Public Swimming Pool at the southern end of Palm Beach in April 2021
Palm Beach Public Swimming Pool
A photo of the patrolled swimming area in the southern section of Palm Beach in April 2021
A view of the patrolled swimming area in the southern section of Palm Beach
A photo of North Palm Beach and Barrenjoey Headland with Killcare Heights and Bouddi National Park on the Central Coast in the background
North Palm Beach and Barrenjoey Headland with Killcare Heights and Bouddi National Park in the background

Origin of the name

The southern end of the Palm Beach is marked as Cabbage Tree Boat Harbour on a map of 1832. Palm Beach was later named after the Cabbage Tree palmsLivistona australis that were near Cabbage Tree Boat Harbour. The plant's species name gave origin to Livistona Lane, off Palm Beach Road.[14]

European settlement

Governor Philip explored the area in 1788, and named the headland 'Barrenjuee', which was an indigenous word apparently meaning 'young kangaroo'.[15] In 1816, Palm Beach, Barrenjoey and most of Whale Beach (160 hectares (400 acres)) was granted to James Napper. During the 19th century, a few Europeans and Chinese lived at Snapperman Beach catching and drying fish.[16] The Southern end of the ocean beach is marked as Cabbage Tree Boat Harbour on a map of 1832. Palm Beach was later named after the Cabbage Tree palms Livistona australis.

In 1900 all land, except Barrenjoey Headland, which had been purchased by the government in 1881, was divided into 18 large blocks, listed as good grazing land, and offered for sale. None sold. In 1912, the land was offered again in smaller residential blocks, offering fishing, sailing, golf and rowing. Most houses were built from local sandstone, other materials were shipped in. Some were guest houses but most were second homes for those who could afford them.

Palm Beach wharf was the terminus reached by boat from Newport or Bayview. Hordern and Wiltshire Parks and Mackay Reserve were donated by RJ Hordern, who lived at Kalua, opposite the beach. Since World War II the area has become more residential but still remains a secluded peninsula at the northern point of Pittwater.

Timeline of history

  • Aboriginal inhabitants in area – Garigal clan of Guringai speaking people. Lands extended from Broken Bay to Port Jackson and to Lane Cove.
  • 1770 – Captain Cook names Broken Bay.
  • 1788–1789 – Area explored by Governor Arthur Phillip and Captain John Hunter
  • 1788 – Arthur Phillip (1738–1814) 2 March 1788, named "Barrenjuee" (Little Kangaroo or Wallaby). Barrenjoey has had at least 9 different names.
  • 1806 – A sole ship wreck survivor is rescued by Aboriginals in Broken Bay.
  • 1816 Land grant 400 acres (1.6 km2) to Surgeon James Napper RN by Governor Macquarie (1761–1824) – Headland to Whale Beach, 8/– pa.
  • 1804 – Pat Flynn had a large garden below Observation Pt (facing Pittwater south of golf course) to supply passing ships.
  • 1825 – John Howard, an emancipist who arrived on the first fleet in 1788 lives at Barrenjoey in a cottage with two other fishermen.
  • 1843 – Customs Station set up under John B Howard. Near ranger's cottage. Constructed Smugglers Track. Smuggling of rum, brandy, tobacco. Today drugs & narcotics.
  • 1840 – Albert Black (1840–1890) becomes customs officer and adopted grandson of merchant Simeon Lord famous in early Sydney.
  • 1842 – Four Convicts build a Customs house at Barrenjoey and build a track to the headland.
  • 1855 – A navigation light is established on the headland.
  • 1863 – A Chinese fishing settlement is established at Snappermans Beach.
  • 1881 – Government repurchased headland for £1250 from the Wentworth family.
  • 1881 – A stone lighthouse and three cottages are built according to the designs of Colonial Architect James Barnet.
  • 1893 – A school is established at Palm Beach.
  • 1911 – Palm Beach is subdivided and an extension to Customs house is built.
  • 1912 – Telephone is connected to Palm Beach.
  • 1916–1919 The oldest bungalows were built at Palm Beach during this period.
  • 1921 – Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club is established.
  • 1976 – Barrenjoey customs house burnt down.
  • 1978 – Mel Gibson stars in the movie Tim which was filmed mostly at one of the Broken Bay customs houses
  • 1988–present – Palm Beach is the location of exterior scenes for Summer Bay, the fictional coastal town featured in the long-running soap opera Home and Away.
  • 2004–2005 – Construction of a Museum and a Public Toilet next to the lighthouse.
  • 2013 – A fire engulfs the Barrenjoey headland 28 September 2013, threatening to destroy the heritage listed headland. It is contained by local firefighters and no damage to infrastructure was sustained. The bush has slowly recovered.
The view south from Barrenjoey Headland

Many historic images of Pittwater and Palm Beach may be found at Pittwater online news: Historic Record of Pittwater

  • 2024 – Palm Beach Headland becomes the first Urban Night Sky Place in Australia, spanning 62 hectares of headland.

Heritage listings

Palm Beach has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

Commercial area

Facilities in Palm Beach include a milk bar, a large RSL, hairdresser, beautician, preschool, and a number of cafes, restaurants, and bed and breakfast establishments.

Schools

The nearest primary school and high school for people residing in Palm Beach are the Avalon Public School – which is a co-educational primary school catering for students K–6 and Barrenjoey High School – which is a co-educational high school catering for students 7–12. Both are state-funded, public schools.[18] There is also Maria Regina – which is a co-educational Catholic primary school catering for students K–6.

Transport

Palm Beach Seaplanes operate seaplane services from Palm Beach to Rose Bay in Sydney's Eastern Suburbs, Cottage Point and Berowra Waters. Palm Beach Water Airport is located at the north end of Governor Phillip Drive and Golf Drive, just south of the headland. The Palm Beach Ferry (operated by NRMA Marine) runs a service from a wharf in the town center to Ettalong Beach, Great Mackerel Beach, Currawong Beach, Coasters Retreat and The Basin.[19]

The Palm Beach Ferry which connects the suburb to the Central Coast provides an important tourist route for visitors to the suburb and commuter link to the Central Coast. Ettalong Beach is serviced by regular Busways bus services with connections to Woy Woy railway station, the Umina Beach retail center, Gosford, Kincumber, and Erina Fair. The nearest railway station to Palm Beach is in Woy Woy.

Palm Beach and Hawkesbury River Cruises runs a ferry service from Palm Beach wharf to Patonga. Barrenjoey Road provides access by bus or car. Bus route 199 operated by Keolis Northern Beaches operates to Manly wharf.

Sport and recreation

Palm Beach has a number of parks, beaches, and sporting areas, including part of the Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, and the beach which gives the area its name. Careel Bay Ovals Sporting Complex includes facilities for rugby league, soccer and tennis.

Palm Beach has a golf club, sailing club, surf school and two surf lifesaving clubs. The North Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club, is used as a set for television soap operaHome and Away and has 'Summer Bay Surf Club' painted on the beach side. Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club, founded in 1921 (at the south end of the beach), is patrolled by paid surf lifesavers on weekdays during summer and by volunteers from the Palm Beach SLSC on weekends.[13] The Surf Club is one of the biggest in NSW, with members coming from all over Sydney. The beach also attracts rock climbers, due to there being two sandstone boulders with highly featured vertical and overhanging features allowing for bouldering.

Palm Beach Panorama (looking south)

Clubs

  • Avalon Soccer Club
  • Avalon Rugby League Club
  • Cabbage Tree Club
  • Careel Bay Tennis Club
  • North Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club
  • Pacific Club
  • Palm Beach Golf Club
  • Palm Beach Sailing Club
  • Palm Beach Surf Life Saving Club

See also

References

  1. ↑Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Palm Beach (NSW) (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022. 
  2. ↑Palm Beach Postcode Australia Post
  3. ↑Sydway street directory, 11th Edition 2006, Maps 159-160
  4. ↑Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Palm Beach (State Suburb)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 March 2018.
  5. ↑"Palm Beach". Sydney.com. Destination NSW, Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  6. ↑"Official Home and Away Tour". Back to the bay. 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  7. ↑"All-star cast announced for Palm Beach". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
  8. ↑Guide to Sydney Beaches
  9. ↑"Real estate properties for sale in Palm Beach, NSW, 2108". domain.com.au. June 2017. Archived from the original on 28 February 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  10. ↑"Real estate and properties for sale in Palm Beach, NSW, 2108". realestate.com.au. June 2017. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  11. ↑Australia's richest and poorest postcodes revealed in ATO's 2016-17 tax statistics ABC News 29 March 2009
  12. ↑"Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park and Lion Island, Long Island and Spectacle Island Nature Reserves Plan of Management Oct 2014"(PDF). NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service. October 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  13. 12"Palm Beach, NSW". Beach Safe. Australian Government. June 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  14. ↑"Palm Beach". Mona Vale Library. Pittwater Council. Archived from the original on 21 June 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  15. ↑ ميسنت، ديفيد (1999). شواطئ سيدني الشمالية . سيدني: ديفيد ميسنت للتصوير الفوتوغرافي. ص 142. ISBN  0-9577124-05.
  16. ↑ بولون، فرانسيس، محررة. (1990). كتاب ضواحي سيدني . أستراليا: أنجوس وروبرتسون . ص 198. ISBN  0-207-14495-8.
  17. ↑ "محطة بارينجوي هيد للإضاءة" . سجل التراث الحكومي لولاية نيو ساوث ويلز . وزارة التخطيط والبيئة . H00979 . تم الاطلاع عليه بتاريخ 18 مايو 2018 .النص مرخص من قبل ولاية نيو ساوث ويلز (إدارة التخطيط والبيئة) بموجب ترخيص CC BY 4.0 .
  18. ↑ "قائمة المدارس الحكومية في نيو ساوث ويلز: قائمة AZ لعام 2015" (ملف PDF) . مؤرشف (ملف PDF) من الأصل بتاريخ 19 ديسمبر 2017. تم الاطلاع عليه بتاريخ 19 ديسمبر 2017 .
  19. ↑ "موقع عبارات بالم بيتش الإلكتروني" . مؤرشف من الأصل بتاريخ 13 مارس 2016. تم الاطلاع عليه بتاريخ 22 مايو 2014 .

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