بريدج جيت، تشيستر

يشكل جسر بريدججيت في تشيستر ، تشيشاير ، إنجلترا، جزءًا من أسوار المدينة . وهو مسجل في قائمة التراث الوطني لإنجلترا كمبنى مدرج  من الدرجة الأولى . [ 1 ]

تاريخ

تم توسيع أسوار المدينة الرومانية جنوبًا في القرن الثاني عشر بجدار موازٍ للضفة الشمالية لنهر دي . ضمّ هذا الجزء من الجدار بوابة الجسر الأصلية التي يُرجّح أنها بُنيت في عشرينيات القرن الثاني عشر، إذ سُجّل منصب رقيب البوابة في ذلك العقد. كانت البوابة تحرس المدخل الجنوبي للمدينة؛ وكان الطريق القادم من شمال ويلز يمرّ عبرها مباشرةً بعد عبور جسر دي القديم. من المحتمل أن تكون البوابة قد أُعيد بناؤها في نفس وقت إعادة بناء الجسر في أواخر القرن الرابع عشر. [ 2 ] بين عامي 1521 و1624، كانت عائلة تالبوت، إيرلات شروزبري ، تُسيطر على رسوم عبور الجسر، وكان منزلهم في المدينة ، المعروف الآن باسم "بير أند بيليت" ، يقع في مكان قريب. [ 3 ]  

في نهاية  القرن الخامس عشر، كان الجسر يتألف من قوس قوطي مع برج على كل جانب. وفي عامي 1600-1601، أُضيف برج مربع الشكل يحتوي على آلات لرفع مياه النهر إلى المدينة. عُرف هذا البرج باسم "برج جون تاير المائي" نسبةً إلى بانيه، إلا أنه دُمّر خلال حصار تشيستر في الفترة ما بين 1644 و1665. بُني الجسر الحالي عام 1781 لصالح مجلس مدينة تشيستر، وكان المهندس المعماري جوزيف تيرنر . [ 3 ]

رسم خريطة
حول خرائط الشوارع المفتوحة
الخرائط: شروط الاستخدام
170 مترًا 185 ياردة
كاتدرائية
كاتدرائية تشيستر
كاتدرائية تشيستر
قلعة
قلعة تشيستر
قلعة تشيستر
المسرح الروماني (الأمفي)
مدرج تشيستر
مدرج تشيستر
33
32
32 ووترغيت
32 ووترغيت
31
30
29
28
28
28 بريدج جيت
28 بريدج جيت
27
27
26
25
25 خطوة للمسجل
25 خطوة للمسجل
24
23
برج بارنابي 23
برج بارنابي 23
22
21
21
21 نيوجيت
21 نيوجيت
20
20
19
19
18
18 برج ثيمبلبي
18 برج ثيمبلبي
17
16
16 إيستجيت
16 إيستجيت
15
14
14 بوابة كاليارد
14 بوابة كاليارد
13
12
برج فينيكس 12
برج فينيكس 12
11
10
10 نورثجيت
10 نورثجيت
9
8
8
8 جبل مورغان
8 جبل مورغان
7
7
6
5
4
4 صالون بيمبرتون
4 صالون بيمبرتون
3
2
2- جدار فرعي وبرج مياه
2- جدار فرعي وبرج مياه
1
1 برج بونوالدسثورن
1 برج بونوالدسثورن
أسوار تشيستر في العصور الوسطى والرومانية
أسوار المدينة في العصور الوسطى
الحصن الروماني
الطرق الرومانية
الأبراج والبوابات
جزء من الجدار
   
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Wall between Pemberton's Parlour and St Martin's Gate
[[File:Chester City Walls on the appropriately named City Wall Street (geograph 4875174).jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19307;-2.89684_dim:2000 53.19307,-2.89684])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89684,53.19307] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"6
St Martin's Gate
[[File:St Martin's Gate, Chester (geograph 4381912).jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19319;-2.89633_dim:2000 53.19319,-2.89633])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89633,53.19319] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"7
Wall between St Martin's Gate and Morgan's Mount
[[File:Water Tower Street and a bench mark (geograph 4699846).jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19319;-2.89603_dim:2000 53.19319,-2.89603])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89603,53.19319] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"8
[[Morgan's Mount]]
[[File:Morgan's Mount on the city walls - geograph.org.uk - 694425.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19328;-2.89588_dim:2000 53.19328,-2.89588])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89588,53.19328] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"9
Wall between Morgan's Mount and Northgate
[[File:Chester City Walls (geograph 4382189).jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19351;-2.89474_dim:2000 53.19351,-2.89474])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89474,53.19351] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"10
[[Northgate, Chester|Northgate]]
[[File:Northgate, Chester.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1938;-2.89333_dim:2000 53.1938,-2.89333])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89333,53.1938] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"11
Wall between Northgate and Phoenix Tower
[[File:Chester city wall and Shropshire Union Canal - geograph.org.uk - 1128122.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1941;-2.89153_dim:2000 53.1941,-2.89153])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89153,53.1941] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"12
[[Phoenix Tower, Chester|Phoenix Tower]]
[[File:King Charles Tower, City Walls, Chester - geograph.org.uk - 9695.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19416;-2.89041_dim:2000 53.19416,-2.89041])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89041,53.19416] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"13
Wall between Phoenix Tower and Kaleyard Gate
[[File:Chester City Wall (geograph 3656923).jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19363;-2.89014_dim:2000 53.19363,-2.89014])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89014,53.19363] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"14
[[Kaleyard Gate, Chester|Kaleyard Gate]]
[[File:Kaleyard Gate 1.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1926;-2.88963_dim:2000 53.1926,-2.88963])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88963,53.1926] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"15
Wall between Kaleyard Gate and Eastgate
[[File:City walls and blocked doorway - geograph.org.uk - 667897.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1914;-2.88907_dim:2000 53.1914,-2.88907])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88907,53.1914] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"16
[[Eastgate, Chester|Eastgate]]
[[File:Eastgate.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19087;-2.8888_dim:2000 53.19087,-2.8888])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.8888,53.19087] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"17
Wall between Eastgate and Thimbleby's Tower
[[File:A view along Chester's Walls - geograph.org.uk - 12054.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18998;-2.88845_dim:2000 53.18998,-2.88845])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88845,53.18998] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"18
[[Thimbleby's Tower]]
[[File:Thimbleby's Tower.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1894;-2.88816_dim:2000 53.1894,-2.88816])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88816,53.1894] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"19
Wall between Thimbleby's Tower and Old Newgate
[[File:Chester City Walls - geograph.org.uk - 1152340.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18927;-2.88822_dim:2000 53.18927,-2.88822])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88822,53.18927] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"20
Old Newgate
[[File:Old Newgate, Chester.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18918;-2.88831_dim:2000 53.18918,-2.88831])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88831,53.18918] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"21
[[Newgate, Chester|Newgate]]
[[File:Newgate, Chester.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18902;-2.88819_dim:2000 53.18902,-2.88819])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88819,53.18902] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"22
Wall between Newgate and Barnaby's Tower
[[File:Chester's City Walls - Bridgegate to Eastgate ^10 - geograph.org.uk - 375008.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1886;-2.88797_dim:2000 53.1886,-2.88797])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88797,53.1886] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"23
[[Barnaby's Tower]]
[[File:BarnabysTower.JPG|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18763;-2.8875_dim:2000 53.18763,-2.8875])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.8875,53.18763] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"24
Wall between Barnaby's Tower and the Drum Tower
[[File:The walls, Chester - geograph.org.uk - 215859.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18712;-2.88781_dim:2000 53.18712,-2.88781])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88781,53.18712] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"25
[[Recorder's Steps]]
[[File:Recorder's Steps.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18733;-2.88746_dim:2000 53.18733,-2.88746])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88746,53.18733] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"26
Drum Tower
[[File:Drum Tower (cropped).jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18637;-2.88869_dim:2000 53.18637,-2.88869])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88869,53.18637] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"27
Wall between the Drum Tower and Bridgegate
[[File:River Dee and City Wall, Chester - geograph.org.uk - 3227693.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18629;-2.88896_dim:2000 53.18629,-2.88896])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88896,53.18629] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"28
[[Bridgegate, Chester|Bridgegate]]
[[File:Bridgegate.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18621;-2.88928_dim:2000 53.18621,-2.88928])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.88928,53.18621] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"29
Wall between Bridgegate and the former County Hall
[[File:Chester's City Walls - Grosvenor Road to Bridgegate ^13 - geograph.org.uk - 370045.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18606;-2.8897_dim:2000 53.18606,-2.8897])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.8897,53.18606] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"30
Wall between former County Hall and Grosvenor Road
[[File:Chester's City Walls - Grosvenor Road to Bridgegate ^5 - geograph.org.uk - 368978.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18496;-2.89345_dim:2000 53.18496,-2.89345])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89345,53.18496] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"31
Wall between Grosvenor Road and Watergate
[[File:Chester racecourse - geograph.org.uk - 641229.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18714;-2.89599_dim:2000 53.18714,-2.89599])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89599,53.18714] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"32
[[Watergate, Chester|Watergate]]
[[File:Watergate, Chester.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18936;-2.89739_dim:2000 53.18936,-2.89739])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89739,53.18936] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"33
Wall between Watergate and Bonewaldesthorne's Tower
[[File:Chester City Walls from City Walls Road - geograph.org.uk - 450410.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.19086;-2.89793_dim:2000 53.19086,-2.89793])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#1c559e\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89793,53.19086] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"[[Chester Amphitheatre]]
\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1892;-2.887_dim:2000 53.1892,-2.887])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#444433\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.887,53.1892] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"[[Chester Castle]]
[[File:Chester Castle - geograph.org.uk - 7346747.jpg|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.18529;-2.89261_dim:2000 53.18529,-2.89261])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#777755\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.89261,53.18529] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"[[Chester Cathedral]]
[[File:Chester Cathedral ext Hamilton 005.JPG|250px]]\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=53.1919;-2.8905_dim:2000 53.1919,-2.8905])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#777755\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [-2.8905,53.1919] } }, { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": { \"title\": \"\", \"description\": \" ([https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?params=1;1_dim:2000 1,1])\", \"marker-symbol\": \"-number-F502948\", \"marker-size\": \"medium\", \"marker-color\": \"#444433\" }, \"geometry\": {\"type\": \"Point\", \"coordinates\": [1,1] } } ] } ]"}}">
   
خريطة لوسط مدينة تشيستر، توضح خط أسوار المدينة والبوابات والأبراج وأجزاء الأسوار في المدينة التي تعود إلى العصور الوسطى وما بعدها. [ 4 ]
[إخفاء/إظهار قائمة البوابات والأبراج وأقسام الجدار]
1
برج بونوالدسثورن
2
جدار داعم وبرج مياه
3
الجدار الفاصل بين برج بونوالدسثورن وقاعة بيمبرتون
4
صالون بيمبرتون
5
الجدار الفاصل بين صالون بيمبرتون وبوابة سانت مارتن
6
بوابة سانت مارتن
7
الجدار الفاصل بين بوابة سانت مارتن وجبل مورغان
8
جبل مورغان
9
الجدار الفاصل بين جبل مورغان وبوابة نورثجيت
10
نورثجيت
11
الجدار الفاصل بين بوابة نورثجيت وبرج فينيكس
12
برج فينيكس
13
الجدار الفاصل بين برج فينيكس وبوابة كاليارد
14
بوابة كاليارد
15
الجدار الفاصل بين بوابة كاليارد وبوابة إيستجيت
16
إيستجيت
17
الجدار الفاصل بين بوابة الشرق وبرج ثيمبلبي
18
برج ثيمبلبي
19
الجدار الفاصل بين برج ثيمبلبي وبوابة نيوجيت القديمة
20
بوابة نيوجيت القديمة
21
نيوجيت
22
الجدار الفاصل بين نيوجيت وبرج بارنابي
23
برج بارنابي
24
الجدار الفاصل بين برج بارنابي وبرج الطبل
25
خطوات المُسجِّل
26
برج الطبول
27
الجدار الفاصل بين برج الطبل وبوابة الجسر
28
بريدج جيت
29
الجدار الفاصل بين بريدج جيت ومبنى مجلس المقاطعة السابق
30
الجدار الفاصل بين مبنى مجلس المقاطعة السابق وطريق غروفينور
31
الجدار الفاصل بين طريق غروفينور ووترغيت
32
ووترغيت
33
الجدار الفاصل بين بوابة ووترجيت وبرج بونوالدسثورن

بنيان

تم بناء جسر بريدججيت من الحجر الرملي الأصفر المصقول على الطراز الكلاسيكي الجديد ، ويتكون من قوس قطاعي فوق الطريق مع ممر دائري للمشاة في كل دعامة . وعلى طول قمته توجد درابزينات على جانبي الممر. [ 1 ]

انظر أيضاً

مراجع

  1. 1 2 هيئة التراث الإنجليزي ، "بوابة الجسر، تشيستر (1376320)" ، قائمة التراث الوطني لإنجلترا ، تم الاطلاع عليها في 8 أبريل 2012
  2. وارد، سيمون (2009)، تشيستر: تاريخ ، تشيتشستر: فيليمور، ص 37، 39، ISBN  978-1-86077-499-7
  3. 1 2 ثاكر، أ. ت.؛ لويس، س. ب.، محرران (2005)، المباني الرئيسية: أسوار المدينة وبواباتها ، تاريخ مقاطعة تشيستر: مدينة تشيستر: الثقافة، المباني، المؤسسات، المجلد 5، الصفحات 213-225 ، تم الاطلاع عليه في 18 أغسطس 2009  
  4. "أسوار وأبراج وبوابات وأبواب مدينة تشيستر" . هيئة التراث الإنجليزي . تم الاطلاع عليه بتاريخ 19 نوفمبر 2025 .