يو إس إس ناثانيل غرين

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الموسوعة الحرة

كانت يو إس إس ناثانيل غرين (SSBN-636) غواصة صواريخ باليستية من فئة جيمس ماديسون . وكانت ثالث سفينة في البحرية الأمريكية تحمل اسم اللواء ناثانيل غرين (1746-1786)، الذي خدم في الجيش القاري خلال حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية .

الإنشاء والتشغيل

وُضِعَ عارضة السفينة "ناثانيل غرين" في 21 مايو 1962 في حوض بناء السفن التابع للبحرية في بورتسموث، كيتري ، مين . أشرف على بناء السفينة القائد لورانس دينيس بالو. دُشِّنت السفينة في 12 مايو 1964، برعاية السيدة نياندر دبليو. ويد، إحدى أحفاد ناثانيل غرين، ودُشِّنت في 19 ديسمبر 1964 بقيادة القائد روبرت إي. كريسبين (الطاقم الأزرق) والقائد ويليام إم. كوسابوم (الطاقم الذهبي).

سجل الخدمة

غادرت الغواصة ناثانيل غرين ميناء بورتسموث لإجراء تجارب بحرية في 30 ديسمبر 1964، وعلى متنها طاقمها الذهبي؛ وتم استبداله في 1 فبراير 1965 بالطاقم الأزرق. أعقب فترة التجارب البحرية إجراء إصلاحات وتعديلات في حوض بناء السفن التابع للبحرية في بورتسموث، وبعد ذلك غادرت الغواصة، وعلى متنها طاقمها الأزرق، حوض بناء السفن لتحميل الصواريخ الباليستية والقيام بدورية الردع الصاروخي الأولى من طراز بولاريس .

في عامي 1970-1971، خضعت حاملة الطائرات ناثانيل غرين للتزود بالوقود والتعديل اللازم لإطلاق صواريخ بوسيدون في حوض بناء السفن في نيوبورت نيوز. بعد فترة الصيانة والتجارب البحرية، توجهت غرين إلى كيب كانافيرال لإجراء تجربة إطلاق صاروخ. في مارس 1972، انطلقت غرين في أول دورية ردع لها بعد التعديل، وانتهى بها المطاف في هولي لوخ، اسكتلندا.

الأحداث وإلغاء التفعيل

في 29 يناير 1970، وأثناء قيامها برحلة سطحية إلى الميناء وسط ضباب كثيف، جنحت السفينة ناثانيل غرين في مياه يبلغ عمقها حوالي 4.9 متر (16 قدمًا) . وتم تعويمها بعد حوالي 7 ساعات. [ 1 ] 

On August 11, 1984, Nathanael Greene lost her propeller in the Irish Sea. While proceeding back to Holy Loch at about 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph) using her secondary propulsion motor, a transit of about 5 or 6 days, she was redirected to Her Majesty's Naval Base, Clyde, at Faslane as the U.S. dry dock in Holy Loch was fully committed and unavailable, while Admiralty Floating Dock No. 60 at Faslane was available. While in the Faslane dry dock, a fire occurred in one of the dock's enclosed machinery spaces on 18 August 1984. The fire was quickly extinguished and did not affect the Greene. While in dry dock, it was established that the main shaft had broken with the loss of about a third of its length along with the propeller. Repairs were completed in about 12 days with the Nathanael Green undocked on 3 September 1984.[2]

On 13 March 1986, Nathanael Greene ran aground in the Irish Sea, suffering severe damage to her rudder and ballast tanks. Her grounding was a serious accident involving a U.S. Navy nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine. She was deactivated while still in commission in May 1987. Her early deactivation was decided both as a result of the damage sustained in the accident as well as in accordance with the limitations set by the SALT II treaty.

Decommissioning and disposal

Nathanael Greene was decommissioned on 15 December 1986 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 31 January 1987. Her removal from service allowed the United States to comply easily with the ballistic missile limits of the SALT II strategic arms limitation treaty.

Nathanael Greene entered the U.S. Navy's Nuclear-Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program at Bremerton, Washington, on 1 September 1998. Her scrapping was completed on 20 October 2000.

Commemoration

Nathanael Greene's sail has been restored and is now on display in Port Canaveral, Florida, as a memorial to the original 41 for Freedom fleet ballistic missile submarines.

Notes

^aThe other two ships are named USS General Greene.

References

  1. ↑"Smooth Log, North Atlantic Weather - January and February 1970". Mariners Weather Log. 14 (4). United States Department of Commerce: 214. July 1970. Retrieved 10 November 2022. The 425-ft Polaris submarine NATHANAEL GREENE, negotiating the Charleston Harbor's narrow entrance channel in a dense fog on the 29th, strayed 300 ft outside the channel and ran aground in about 16 feet of water. The sub was stuck in mud for 7 hr before it was released by four tugs. Divers inspected the hull and found no damage.
  2. ↑Fall, Peter. "Docking Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636) in AFD 60". NavSource. Retrieved 10 November 2022. Selected text: In mid-August the Dockmaster was out of area on leave and I was asked if we could dock an American SSBN in AFD 60... AFD 60's next planned docking was over 2 weeks away, so provisionally, yes we could...What the U.S. personnel found so amazing was that the docking had been completed so quickly ~ from arriving at the dock entrance at about 0800 we were up and dry by 1230... Everything but everything needed for the boat's time in dock was flown in from the States; this included the scaffolding and scaffolders, engineers aplenty and various project managers and scientific types. It was quickly established that the shaft had broken, resulting in losing about a third of its length along with the propeller. I believe a spare propeller was available from the Holy Loch but the new shaft had to come from the States, however, the replacements were quickly obtained and fitted. Repairs were completed in about 12 days and the Nathanael Greene was undocked on 3 September 1984... As a result of this incident, I believe that checks were subsequently carried out on the shafts of all U.S. and UK nuclear submarines and apparently incipient cracking was discovered in a number of other boats.