أطباء من أجل حقوق الإنسان - إسرائيل

منظمة أطباء من أجل حقوق الإنسان - إسرائيل ( PHR-I أو PHR-IL ؛ بالعبرية : רופאים לזכויות אדם-ישראל ) هي منظمة غير حكومية وغير ربحية تُعنى بحقوق الإنسان ، مقرها يافا . تأسست المنظمة عام 1988 بهدف تعزيز "مجتمع عادل يُمنح فيه الحق في الصحة لجميع الناس على قدم المساواة تحت مسؤولية إسرائيل". ^{[ 1 ]}

تؤكد منظمة أطباء من أجل حقوق الإنسان في إسرائيل أن "مبادئ حقوق الإنسان، والأخلاقيات الطبية، والعدالة الاجتماعية هي جوهر رؤيتنا للعالم"، وهي تعارض ما تعتبره "احتلالًا مستمرًا للأراضي الفلسطينية". ^{[ 1 ]} وفي سبتمبر/أيلول 2010، مُنحت المنظمة جائزة رايت لايفليهود "لروحها التي لا تقهر في العمل من أجل الحق في الصحة لجميع الناس في إسرائيل وفلسطين". ^{[ 2 ]}

تدعم روخاما مارتون ، مؤسسة ورئيسة منظمة أطباء من أجل حقوق الإنسان - إسرائيل، حركة المقاطعة وسحب الاستثمارات وفرض العقوبات ^{[ 3 ]} ، وقد تعرضت لانتقادات من جماعات إسرائيلية معارضة لها. ^{[ 4 ] [ 5 ]} يرأس المنظمة البروفيسور رافي والدن، خبير جراحة الأوعية الدموية، وعضو مجلس إدارة مركز شيبا الطبي تل هشومير، وأستاذ الطب في جامعة تل أبيب، بينما ترأس اللجنة التنفيذية الدكتورة مشيرة أبو ضياء، طبيبة أمراض النساء في مستشفى هداسا عين كارم والحائزة على جائزة غالانتير للعدالة الاجتماعية. ^{[ 6 ] [ 7 ]} في يوليو/تموز 2025، تعاونت منظمة أطباء من أجل حقوق الإنسان - إسرائيل مع منظمة بتسيلم في نشر تقرير يُفيد بأن إسرائيل ترتكب إبادة جماعية في غزة . ^{[ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ]}

PHR-I's working guidelines are based on the concepts of medical ethics, social justice, and human rights. Much of PHR-I's work is based on appeals and testimonies from persons whose rights may have been violated. Such claims may come from the Occupied Palestinian Territories, the unrecognized Bedouin villages in the Negev, or from migrant workers, refugees and asylum seekers living in Israel. PHR-I advocates on their behalf through different established authorities such as the Israeli Prison Service, Kupat Holim Israel Health Services, the Israel Defense Forces, the Ministry of Health, and others and appeals to the court system when necessary. Additionally, PHR-I publishes reports on various human rights concerns, and operates two clinics; one for persons of no civil status located in Jaffa, Israel, and a mobile clinic operating 3-5 times per months in a number of towns in the West Bank.

PHR-I’s diverse staff and volunteer base are composed of Jewish and Arab medical professionals and human rights activists who are committed to changing Israeli government policies that allegedly restrict the right to health. According to their website, PHR-I has more than 1500 members, some of whom are health workers.^[12]

Physicians for Human Rights–Israel cooperates with other human rights and medical NGOs in Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories, and abroad. PHR-I is also in partnership with the Legal Clinics of the Tel Aviv University. Cooperation is based on universal human rights principles.

PHR-I retweeted a message calling for Israeli soldiers to refuse orders, during Operation Pillar of Cloud in November 2012.^[13]

PHR is composed of four departments which conduct research and manage projects concerning patient and human rights.

Physicians for Human Rights–Israel has operated the Mobile Clinic Project since its establishment in 1988, with the goal of addressing ongoing health issues in the Occupied Palestinian Territory. The Mobile Clinic brings together Israeli and Palestinian health professionals and active members of Palestinian civil society for weekly cooperative medical work in rural Palestinian villages. Within this setting, Israeli doctors provide immediate primary care and when necessary, referrals for follow up care, while Palestinian and Israeli pharmacists dispense basic medications to patients.

From the very beginning, the Palestinian Medical Relief Society, the largest non-governmental primary healthcare provider in the West Bank, has been the main partner of PHR-I in these activities. Over the years, PHR-I has built partnerships with other local non-governmental, independent organizations. Through consistent collaborative work, the mobile clinic aims to serve as a gesture of trust and solidarity with Palestinian patients and medical professionals, help to foster greater recognition for human rights values among the Israeli medical community, while sensitizing the Israeli public and international community to the need for Israeli policy change vis-à-vis the occupied Palestinian territory.

The Open Clinic is an established medical clinic located within PHR's headquarters in Jaffa. The clinic provides community healthcare to immigrants and persons lacking civil status living in Israel. The Open Clinic was founded in 1998 as an initiative of volunteer physicians, and due to the limitations in access to healthcare imposed on persons with no civil status. The clinic does not claim to solve all medical problems of the immigrant community, or to replace the Ministry of Health, but acts to point out the alleged faults in Israel's policy towards immigrants, and to show solidarity with the immigrant and refugee community. The Open Clinic provides primary medical care and specialized medicine, as well as hospital referrals and medical follow-up to persons with no civil status, free of charge or for a minimal fee. The clinic team, including reception staff as well as medical professionals, is made up solely of volunteers. While in the early years of the clinic most patients were migrant workers, today the patient population includes mostly refugees and asylum seekers. The clinic cares for over 6,000 patients annually.

PHR-I, in a statement, said that they strongly oppose the Israel boycott law and that they "will refuse to comply with it."^[14]

After PHR-I gave a first aid course to protesters of a security fence in the West Bank village Bil'in, Yoram Blachar the president of the World Medical Association (WMA) and the Israel Medical Association (IMA) told Haaretz that PHR-I "are a radical political group disguised as a medical organization."^[15]

The IMA severed ties with PHR-I after Ruchama Marton signed a petition to remove Blachar as president of the WMA. PHR-I and Marton stated that Marton was not expressing the views of PHR-I, but her own.^[16] In 2016, the IMA and PHR-I have also both petitioned the Supreme Court to strike down Israel’s force-feeding of prisoners law as in violation of international law, including the prohibition of torture.^[17] Following an appeal from PHR-I, the IMA adapted its ethical guide on the prioritization of medical care in multiple-casualty settings when the presumed attacker is also wounded.^[18] In 2019, the IMA joined PHR-I’s appeal against the removal of government-subsidized insurance options for undocumented migrant children as amicus.^[19]

• الموقع الرسمي