Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection

📅 آخر تحديث: ٢٥ يوليو ٢٠٢٦
✍️ نُشر في: ٢٥ يوليو ٢٠٢٦
📷 يحتوي على 43 صور
الموسوعة الحرة

The Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection (German: Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz; abbreviated BMJV) is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. Under the German federal system, individual States are most responsible for the administration of justice and the application of penalties. The Federal Ministry of Justice devotes itself to creating and changing law in the classic core areas related to Constitutional law. The Ministry also analyzes the legality and constitutionality of laws prepared by other ministries. The German Federal Court of Justice, the German Patent and Trade Mark Office (GPTO), and the German Patent Court all fall under its scope, including affairs on court administration. The ministry is officially located in Berlin.[2]

The BMJ was founded on 1 January 1877 as the Imperial Justice Office (Reichsjustizamt). After Germany became a republic in 1919, it was renamed Reichsministerium der Justiz (Imperial ministry of Justice). The ministry was refounded as the Bundesministerium der Justiz in 1949. In several laws predating 1949, the ministry and the minister are however referred to as Reichsministerium der Justiz and Reichsminister der Justiz, respectively. This has gradually been replaced with the new name and title when laws have been amended, most recently in 2010.[3]

Competencies

In Germany's federal system, the administration of justice, the judiciary and law enforcement are primarily the responsibility of the Länder. The central task of the Federation in the field of justice is to safeguard and develop the rule of law. Legislative activity corresponds to this objective. It includes the preparation of new laws and the preparation and amendment or repeal of laws in the classical areas of law, namely civil law, criminal law, commercial and company law, copyright and industrial property law, court constitutional and procedural law for the individual jurisdictions (with the exception of labour and social courts), as well as service and professional law for judges, public prosecutors, lawyers and notaries. In addition, the Ministry is responsible for the tasks arising from the establishment of German unity in the areas of criminal, administrative and professional rehabilitation and "open property issues". The Ministry also examines the legal form of all draft laws and regulations prepared by other ministries in order to ensure that the legislation is compatible with the Basic Law.

The Ministry's portfolio includes the Federal Court of Justice in Karlsruhe with two criminal divisions in Leipzig, the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office at the Federal Court of Justice in Karlsruhe with an office in Leipzig, the Federal Office of Justice with the Federal Central Register in Bonn, the Federal Administrative Court in Leipzig, the Federal Fiscal Court in Munich, the Federal Patent Court in Munich and the German Patent and Trade Mark Office (DPMA) in Munich with offices in Berlin and Jena.

List of ministers

The Federal Ministry of Justice in Berlin

State Secretaries for Justice, 1876–1919

Ministers of Justice, 1919–1945

No.PortraitName(Born-Died)TermPolitical PartyGovernment
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
1
Otto Landsberg
Otto Landsberg(1869–1957)13 February 191920 June 1919127 daysSPDScheidemann
2
Eugen Schiffer
Eugen Schiffer(1860–1954)3 October 191926 March 1920175 daysDDPBauer
3
Andreas Blunck
Andreas Blunck(1871–1933)26 March 19208 June 192074 daysDDPMüller I
4
Rudolf Heinze
Rudolf Heinze(1865–1928)25 June 19204 May 1921313 daysDVPFehrenbach
5(2)
Eugen Schiffer
Eugen Schiffer(1860–1954)10 May 192122 October 1921165 daysDDPWirth I
6
Gustav Radbruch
Gustav Radbruch(1878–1949)26 October 192114 November 19221 year, 19 daysSPDWirth II
7(4)
Rudolf Heinze
Rudolf Heinze(1865–1928)22 November 192212 August 1923263 daysDVPCuno
8(6)
Gustav Radbruch
Gustav Radbruch(1878–1949)13 August 19233 November 192382 daysSPDStresemann I–II
9
Erich Emminger
Erich Emminger(1880–1951)30 November 192315 April 1924137 daysBVPMarx I
–
Kurt Joël
Kurt Joël(1865–1945)Acting15 April 192415 December 1924244 daysIndependentMarx I–II
7
Josef Frenken
Josef Frenken(1854–1943)15 January 192521 November 1925341 daysCentreLuther I
–
Hans Luther
Hans Luther(1879–1962)Acting21 November 19255 December 1925349 daysIndependentLuther I
8
Wilhelm Marx
Wilhelm Marx(1863–1946)20 January 192612 May 1926112 daysCentreLuther IIMarx III
9
Johannes Bell
Johannes Bell(1868–1949)16 May 192617 December 1926215 daysCentreMarx III
10
Oskar Hergt
Oskar Hergt(1869–1967)28 January 192712 June 19281 year, 136 daysDNVPMarx III–IV
11
Erich Koch-Weser
Erich Koch-Weser(1875–1944)28 June 192813 April 1929289 daysDDPMüller II
12
Theodor von Guérard
Theodor von Guérard(1863–1943)13 April 192927 March 1930348 daysCentreMüller II
13
Johann Viktor Bredt
Johann Viktor Bredt(1879–1940)30 March 19305 December 1930250 daysWPBrüning I
14
Kurt Joël
Kurt Joël(1865–1945)5 December 193030 May 19321 year, 177 daysIndependentBrüning I–II
15
Franz Gürtner
Franz Gürtner(1881–1941)1 June 193229 January 1941 †8 years, 242 daysDNVPNSDAPPapenSchleicherHitler
16
Franz Schlegelberger
Franz Schlegelberger(1876–1970)30 January 194120 August 19421 year, 202 daysNSDAPHitler
17
Otto Georg Thierack
Otto Georg Thierack(1889–1946)20 August 19425 May 19452 years, 258 daysNSDAPHitlerGoebbels
–
Herbert Klemm
Herbert Klemm(1903–1963)Acting5 May 194523 May 194518 daysNSDAPSchwerin von Krosigk

Federal Ministers, since 1949

Political Party:  FDP  DP  CSU  CDU  SPD  Independent

Name(Born-Died)PortraitPartyTerm of OfficeChancellor(Cabinet)
Federal Minister of Justice (1949–2013, 2021–present) Federal Minister of Justice and Consumer Protection (2013–2021)
1Thomas Dehler(1897–1967)FDP20 September 194920 October 1953Adenauer(I)
2Fritz Neumayer(1884–1973)FDP20 October 195316 October 1956Adenauer(II)
3Hans-Joachim von Merkatz(1905–1982)DP16 October 195629 October 1957
4Fritz Schäffer(1888–1967)CSU29 October 195714 November 1961Adenauer(III)
5Wolfgang Stammberger(1920–1982)FDP14 November 196119 November 1962Adenauer(IV)
6Ewald Bucher(1914–1991)FDP14 December 196227 March 1965Adenauer(V)Erhard(I)
7Karl Weber(1898–1985)CDU1 April 196526 October 1965Erhard(I)
8Richard Jaeger(1913–1998)CSU26 October 196530 November 1966Erhard(II)
9Gustav Heinemann(1899–1976)SPD1 December 196626 March 1969Kiesinger(I)
10Horst Ehmke(1927–2017)SPD26 March 196921 October 1969Kiesinger(I)
11Gerhard Jahn(1927–1998)SPD22 October 19697 May 1974Brandt(I • II)
12Hans-Jochen Vogel(1926–2020)SPD16 May 197422 January 1981Schmidt(I • II • III)
13Jürgen Schmude(1936–2025)SPD22 January 19811 October 1982Schmidt(III)
14Hans A. Engelhard(1934–2008)FDP4 October 198218 January 1991Kohl(I • II • III)
15Klaus Kinkel(1936–2019)No party;FDP (from 1991)18 January 199118 May 1992Kohl(IV)
16Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger(b. 1951)FDP18 May 199217 January 1996Kohl(IV • V)
17Edzard Schmidt-Jortzig(b. 1941)FDP17 January 199626 October 1998Kohl(V)
18Herta Däubler-Gmelin(b. 1943)SPD27 October 199822 October 2002Schröder(I)
19Brigitte Zypries(b. 1953)SPD22 October 200228 October 2009Schröder(II)Merkel(I)
20(16)Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger(b. 1951)FDP28 October 200917 December 2013Merkel(II)
21Heiko Maas(b. 1966)SPD17 December 201314 March 2018Merkel(III)
22Katarina Barley(b. 1968)SPD14 March 201827 June 2019Merkel(IV)
23Christine Lambrecht(b. 1965)SPD27 June 20198 December 2021Merkel(IV)
24Marco Buschmann(b. 1977)FDP8 December 20217 November 2024Scholz(I)
25Volker Wissing(b. 1970)Independent7 November 20246 May 2025Scholz(I)
26Stefanie Hubig(b. 1968)SPD6 May 2025IncumbentMerz(I)

References

  1. 12"Bundeshaushaltsplan 2026 - Einzelplan 07 - Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz"[Federal Budget 2026 – Section 07 – Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection](PDF). bundeshaushalt.de (in German). Federal Ministry of Finance. 2025-11-25. Retrieved 2026-01-31.
  2. ↑"Imprint". bmjv.de. Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection. Retrieved 2026-01-31.
  3. ↑"BGBL/de". Archived from the original on 2013-07-18. Retrieved 2011-05-30.

Official Website

Others