Elias Lönnrot

Elias Lönnrot (Finnish:[ˈeliɑsˈlønruːt]^ⓘ; 9 April 1802 – 19 March 1884) was a Finnish polymath, physician, philosopher, poet, musician, linguist, journalist, philologist and collector of traditional Finnishoral poetry. He is best known for synthesizing the Finnish national epic, Kalevala (1835, enlarged 1849) from short ballads and lyric poems^[1] he gathered from Finnish oral tradition during several field expeditions in Finland, Russian Karelia, the Kola Peninsula and Baltic countries. In botany, he is remembered as the author of the 1860 Flora Fennica, the first scientific text written in Finnish rather than in Latin.

Lönnrot was born in Sammatti,^[a] in the province of Uusimaa, Finland, which was then part of Sweden.^[2] From 1814 to 1815, he attended the school of Tammisaari Pedagogio. He studied at Turku Cathedral School from 5 April 1816 until he dropped out in the spring of 1818. After dropping out, he worked as a tailor and singer in Sammatti and nearby villages. He joined the Porvoo Gymnasium on 20 March 1820 but left on 9 April. For the next two years, he studied as an apothecary student at Hämeenlinna. In the summer of 1822, he lived in Sammatti as he prepared for the high school examination. On 11 October 1822, he enrolled in the Academy of Turku^[3] to study medicine.^[2] The Great Fire of Turku coincided with his first academic year. As the university was destroyed in the fire, it was moved to Helsinki, the newly established administrative center of the Grand Duchy of Finland. Lönnrot followed and graduated in 1832.^[4]

The Kalevala, the Finnish national epic that Lönnrot compiled, was among the inspirations for J. R. R. Tolkien's the Silmarillion and The Lord of the Rings.^[16]

Lönnrot was the main motif for the Finnish Elias Lönnrot and folklore commemorative coin, minted in 2002. On the reverse, a feather (as a symbol of an author) and Elias Lönnrot's signature can be seen.^[17] The Finnish graphic artist Erik Bruun used Lönnrot as a motif for the 500 markkabanknote in his banknote series.^[18]

The Argentine author Jorge Luis Borges used the name Lönnrot, possibly alluding to the Finnish author, for the diligent detective in his story Death and the Compass (La muerte y la brújula).^[19]

The main beltasteroid2243 Lönnrot was named after Lönnrot.^[20]

• 
  CaricatureOne Man Saved Everything for Us by Running by A. W. Linsen, 1847
• 
  Flora Fennica compiled by Lönnrot, the first Finnish-language botanical science work published in 1860
• 
  Portrait of Lönnrot byBernhard Reinhold , 1872
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  Lönnrot and the Oral Poets, sketch of how he collected the materials for the Kalevala by Akseli Gallen-Kallela for murals for University of Helsinki, 1912

• Jenny af Forselles (1908), Elias Lönnrots Svenska skrifter utgifna af Jenny af Forselles. 1., Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland (in Swedish), Helsinki: Society of Swedish Literature in Finland, ISSN 0039-6842, Wikidata Q113396160
• Jenny af Forselles (1911)، Elias Lönnrots Svenska skrifter utgifna af Jenny af Forselles. 2, اختصار, منع التسرب وإعادة التدوير. , Skrifter utgivna av Svenskaliteratursällskapet i فنلندا (باللغة السويدية)، هلسنكي: جمعية الأدب السويدي في فنلندا ، ISSN 0039-6842 ، ويكي بيانات Q113396181  

• يوم اللغة الفنلندية

• أعمال إلياس لونروت متوفرة بصيغة الكتب الإلكترونية على موقع Standard Ebooks
• أعمال إلياس لونروت في مشروع غوتنبرغ
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• أعمال إلياس لونروت على موقع LibriVox (كتب صوتية متاحة للجميع)
• "«لا تربوا طفلاً تربيةً خاطئة، يا أهل المستقبل!»: التدخل الأخلاقي وممارسات نصية أخرى لإلياس لونروت (ملف PDF) . نشرة RMN (7): 43-56 . 2013. مؤرشف من الأصل (ملف PDF) في 9 مارس 2020.
• لونروت، إلياس Biografiskt معجم لفنلندا (باللغة السويدية)