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Events

April 8– Emperor John II Komnenos Komnenos dies of a poisoned arrow wound while hunting wild boar on Mount Taurus in Cilicia. He is succeeded by his 24-year-old son Manuel I, who is chosen as his successor, in preference to his elder surviving brother Isaac. Manuel dispatches John Axouchos, his commander-in-chief (megas domestikos), to Constantinople ahead of him – with orders to arrest Isaac in the Great Palace.^[1]

November 13– King Fulk of Jerusalem dies after a hunting accident in Acre. He is succeeded by his 13-year-old son Baldwin III – who is crowned as co-ruler alongside his mother, Queen Melisende on Christmas Day. Due to the political situation the Crusader States of Tripoli, Antioch and Edessa assert their independence. Raymond of Antioch demands the return of Cilicia to his principality and invades the province.^[2]

Spring – King Conrad III gives Bavaria to his half-brother Henry II ("Jasomirgott"). His wife, Gertrude (daughter of the late Emperor Lothair III) dies in childbirth at Klosterneuburg Monastery in Lower Austria on April 18.
October 5–Treaty of Zamora: The Kingdom of Portugal is recognized by King Alfonso VII ("the Emperor") of León and Castile in the presence of his cousin, King Afonso I of Portugal and papal representatives.
Adolf II, count of Schauenburg and Holstein, founds Lübeck – which later becomes one of the leading Hanseatic cities. He divides the conquered Slavic lands, as part of the eastward expansion in Germany.
Geoffrey V ("the Fair") becomes Count of Anjou upon news of the death of his father Fulk.

July 1–Battle of Wilton: Earl Robert of Gloucester (illegitimate son of the late King Henry I) defeats the English forces of King Stephen during a surprise attack at Wilton Abbey. In the darkness, Stephen escapes, while his steward William Martel fights a rearguard action to delay the pursuers.
Autumn – Stephen arrests Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st Earl of Essex, during a meeting of the Royal Court at St. Albans. He is charged with treason against Stephen, but given his freedom back in return for surrendering his title and castles. Geoffrey becomes an outlaw and fortifies Ramsey Abbey, where he sets up his headquarters to plunder the countryside of Ely.

Norman raiders capture Jijel (modern Algeria).^[3] A Norman raid on Ceuta fails,^[4] but at the same time the Normans lead a successful assault against Sfax.^[5]

September 23– Pope Innocent II dies at Rome after a 13-year pontificate. He is succeeded by Celestine II as the 165th pope of the Catholic Church.

^ ستيفن رونسيمان (1952). تاريخ الحروب الصليبية. المجلد الثاني: مملكة القدس ، ص 180-181. رقم ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
^ ستيفن رونسيمان (1952). تاريخ الحروب الصليبية. المجلد الثاني: مملكة القدس ، ص 188-189. رقم ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
^ مينير، جيلبرت (2010). قلب الجزائر المغربي الكلاسيكي: الفتح الإسلامي العربي في الرد (658-1518) . باريس: لا ديكوفرت. ص. 71.
^ بيكارد سي. (1997). La Mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Âge . باريس: مطابع الجامعات الفرنسية.
^ بريسك، هنري (2003). "La Sicile et l'espace libyen au Moyen Âge" [ صقلية والفضاء الليبي في العصور الوسطى ] (PDF) . أفريقيا: Rivista Trimestrale di Studi e Documentazione dell'Istituto italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente (باللغة الفرنسية). 63 (2): 187- 208. جستور 25734500 . أرشفة (PDF) من النسخة الأصلية في 9 أكتوبر 2022.