United States National Cemetery System
The United States National Cemetery System is a system of 173 military cemeteries in the United States and its territories. The authority to create military burial places came during the American Civil War, in an act passed by the U.S. Congress on July 17, 1862.[1][2] By the end of 1862, 12 national cemeteries had been established.[3] Two of the nation's most iconic military cemeteries, Arlington National Cemetery which is under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Army, and Gettysburg National Cemetery, under the jurisdiction of the National Park Service, were established in 1864 and 1863, respectively.
National Cemetery Administration
The National Cemetery Administration of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) maintains 157 national cemeteries as well as the Nationwide Gravesite Locator, which can be used to find burial locations of American military Veterans through their searchable website.[4][5] The Department of the Army maintains two national cemeteries, Arlington National Cemetery and United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home National Cemetery.[6] The National Park Service (NPS) maintains 14 national cemeteries associated with historic sites and battlefields.[7]
تتولى لجنة النصب التذكارية للمعركة الأمريكية ، وهي وكالة مستقلة تابعة للسلطة التنفيذية، أنشأها الكونجرس في عام 1923، صيانة 26 مقبرة عسكرية أمريكية ونصب تذكارية أخرى خارج الولايات المتحدة.
تاريخ
أُنشئت اثنتا عشرة مقبرة وطنية عام 1862. وخلال الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية، بين عامي 1861 و1865، أُنشئت 34 مقبرة. كما أُنشئت مقابر إضافية بعد الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية على يد إدموند بيرك ويتمان . [ 8 ] وفي عام 1867، سنّ الكونغرس قوانين إضافية لإنشاء المقابر الوطنية وحمايتها. [ 9 ] وتُشير إدارة المقابر الوطنية إلى وجود 73 مقبرة وطنية تعود إلى حقبة الحرب الأهلية، وذلك بين عامي 1861 و1868. [ 10 ]
يتم تقديم التكريمات العسكرية النهائية للمحاربين القدامى المؤهلين من قبل فرق من المحاربين القدامى المتطوعين أو الحرس الوطني والمعروفة باسم فرق التكريم التذكاري (MHD)، وذلك بناءً على طلب من أفراد الأسرة من خلال اختيارهم لدار الجنازات التي تتولى أمر المتوفى.
قائمة المقابر الوطنية في الولايات المتحدة
انظر أيضاً
ملحوظات
- ↑The year listed is the official date of establishment listed by the VA. This may differ from the year of the first burial, the oldest remains, the year the land was acquired, etc. Many post cemeteries have been given national cemetery status as late as 2020, which is considerably later than the original cemetery. For example, Vancouver Barracks post cemetery was established in 1849 and became a national cemetery in 2020—one of 11 cemeteries transferred from the Army to NCA in 2019–2020 per Exec. Order No. 13781, 2017.[10]
References
- ↑"A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774–1875". memory.loc.gov. Retrieved 2020-12-13.
- ↑"Facts: NCA History and Development".
- ↑Administration, National Cemetery. "Dates of Establishment: National Cemeteries & NCA Burial Sites (1 of 6) - National Cemetery Administration". www.cem.va.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
- ↑"Nationwide Gravesite Locator". National Cemetery Administration.
- ↑Administration, National Cemetery. "National Cemetery Listing – National Cemetery Administration". www.cem.va.gov. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
- ↑"Office of Army Cemeteries > Cemeteries". armycemeteries.army.mil. Retrieved 2020-12-13.
- ↑"National Parks & National Cemeteries". Andersonville National Historic Site, Georgia (U.S. National Park Service). August 16, 2023. Retrieved 2025-09-11.
- ↑"Edmund Whitman (1812–1873)". University of Michigan. Archived from the original on 2009-06-01. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
- ↑Chap. LXI. 14 Stat. 399 from "A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U. S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774–1875". Library of Congress, Law Library of Congress. Retrieved April 25, 2012.
- 12"Dates of Establishment: National Cemeteries & NCA Burial Sites". National Cemetery Administration. Retrieved 2026-02-10.
Further reading
- Bontrager, Shannon. Death at the Edges of Empire: Fallen Soldiers, Cultural Memory, and the Making of an American Nation, 1863–1921 (University of Nebraska Press, 2020); memories of American war dead. online summary by author
External links
- United States national cemeteries
- Historic preservation in the United States
- American organizations established in 1867