96th United States Congress

📅 آخر تحديث: ٢٩ يوليو ٢٠٢٦
✍️ نُشر في: ٢٩ يوليو ٢٠٢٦
📷 يحتوي على 14 صور
الموسوعة الحرة

The 96th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1979, to January 3, 1981, during the last two years of Jimmy Carter's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1970 census.

Both chambers retained a Democratic majority (though downgraded from the supermajority status in the previous Congress), and with President Carter, maintained an overall federal government trifecta. This is the last Congress in which the Democrats retained a trifecta for more than one term.

This is the most recent Congress to feature a Democratic senator from Idaho, Frank Church, who lost re-election in 1980.

Major events

Major legislation

Party summary

Senate

Party standings on the opening day of the 96th Congress
  57 Democratic senators
  1 independent senator, caucusing with Democrats
  42 Republican senators
Party(shading shows control)TotalVacant
Democratic(D)Independent(I)Republican(R)
End of previous congress 58 1 411000
Begin 58 1 41 100 0
End 55 44
Final voting share55.0% 1.0% 44.0%
Beginning of next congress 46 1 531000

House of Representatives

House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% to 100% Republican
  80+% to 100% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  50+% to 60% Republican
  50+% to 60% Democratic
  striped: 50–50 split
Party(shading shows control)TotalVacant
Democratic(D)Republican(R)Conservative(C)
End of previous congress 275 141 041619
Begin 276 156 1 433 2
End 272 158 4314
Final voting share63.1% 36.7% 0.2%
Beginning of next congress 243 191 14350

Leaders

Senate President
والتر مونديل
Walter Mondale (D)
Senate President pro tempore
وارن ماغنوسون
Warren Magnuson (D)
House Speaker
تيب أونيل
Tip O'Neill (D)

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

قيادة الأقلية (الجمهورية)

مجلس النواب

قيادة الأغلبية (الديمقراطية)

قيادة الأقلية (الجمهورية)

التجمعات الحزبية

أعضاء

هذه القائمة مرتبة حسب المجلس، ثم حسب الولاية. يتم إدراج أعضاء مجلس الشيوخ حسب الأقدمية، ويتم إدراج أعضاء مجلس النواب حسب الدائرة الانتخابية.

مجلس الشيوخ

يتم انتخاب أعضاء مجلس الشيوخ على مستوى الولاية كل عامين، حيث يبدأ ثلثهم فترات ولاية جديدة مدتها ست سنوات مع كل مؤتمر. في هذا المؤتمر، تعني الفئة 3 أن فترة ولايتهم انتهت مع هذا المؤتمر، مما يتطلب إعادة انتخابهم في عام 1980؛ وتعني الفئة 1 أن فترة ولايتهم بدأت في المؤتمر الأخير، مما يتطلب إعادة انتخابهم في عام 1982؛ وتعني الفئة 2 أن فترة ولايتهم بدأت في هذا المؤتمر، مما يتطلب إعادة انتخابهم في عام 1984.

House of Representatives

The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

  • Replacements: 4
  • Deaths: 0
  • Resignations: 4
  • Vacancy: 0
  • Total seats with changes: 4
Senate changes
State(class)Vacated byReason for changeSuccessorDate of successor'sformal installation[d]
Maine(Class 1)Edmund Muskie(D)Resigned May 7, 1980 to become United States Secretary of State.Successor appointed to finish the term.George J. Mitchell(D)May 19, 1980
New Hampshire(Class 3)John A. Durkin(D)Resigned December 29, 1980 to give successor priority in seniority.Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term.Warren Rudman(R)December 29, 1980
Florida(Class 3)Richard Stone(D)Resigned December 30, 1980 to give successor priority in seniority.Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term.Paula Hawkins(R)January 1, 1981
Alabama(Class 3)Donald Stewart(D)Resigned January 2, 1981 to give successor priority in seniority.Successor appointed, having already been elected to the next term.Jeremiah Denton(R)January 2, 1981

House of Representatives

  • Replacements: 7
  • Deaths: 1
  • Resignations: 4
  • Expulsion: 1
  • Contested election:
  • Total seats with changes: 10
House changes
DistrictVacated byReason for changeSuccessorDate of successor'sformal installation[d]
California 11thVacantRep. Leo Ryan died during previous congressWilliam Royer (R)April 3, 1979
Wisconsin 6thVacantRep. William A. Steiger died during previous congressTom Petri (R)April 3, 1979
Illinois 10thAbner Mikva (D)Resigned September 26, 1979, after being appointed judge of U.S. Court of AppealsJohn Porter (R)January 22, 1980
Pennsylvania 11thDan Flood (D)Resigned January 31, 1980Ray Musto (D)April 9, 1980
Louisiana 3rdDave Treen (R)Resigned March 10, 1980, after being elected Governor of LouisianaBilly Tauzin (D)May 22, 1980
West Virginia 3rdJohn M. Slack Jr. (D)Died March 17, 1980John G. Hutchinson (D)June 30, 1980
Michigan 13thCharles Diggs (D)Resigned June 3, 1980George Crockett Jr. (D)November 4, 1980
New Mexico 2ndHarold L. Runnels (D)Died August 5, 1980VacantNot filled this term
Pennsylvania 1stMichael Myers (D)Expelled October 2, 1980
South Carolina 6thJohn Jenrette (D)Resigned December 10, 1980
New Jersey 4thFrank Thompson (D)Resigned December 29, 1980, after being censured by the House of Representatives

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

مجلس النواب

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 كان الحزب الجمهوري في مينيسوتا يُعرف رسميًا باسم الجمهوريين المستقلين في مينيسوتا من 15 نوفمبر 1975 حتى 23 سبتمبر 1995، ويتم اعتبارهم جمهوريين.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 حزب مينيسوتا الديمقراطي - حزب المزارعين - حزب العمل (DFL) وحزب الرابطة الديمقراطية غير الحزبية في داكوتا الشمالية (D-NPL) هما فرعا مينيسوتا وداكوتا الشمالية للحزب الديمقراطي الأمريكي ويتم احتسابهما كديمقراطيين.
  3. ↑ انتُخب كعضو في حزب المحافظين لكنه جلس مع الجمهوريين.
  4. 1 2 عند الجلوس أو أداء القسم، وليس بالضرورة عند بدء الخدمة.

مراجع

  • مارتيس، كينيث سي. (1989). الأطلس التاريخي للأحزاب السياسية في الكونغرس الأمريكي . نيويورك: شركة ماكميلان للنشر.
  • مارتيس، كينيث سي. (1982). الأطلس التاريخي للمناطق الانتخابية في الولايات المتحدة . نيويورك: شركة ماكميلان للنشر.