العلاقات الخارجية للمملكة المتحدة

تتولى وزارة الخارجية وشؤون الكومنولث والتنمية ، برئاسة وزير الخارجية ، إدارة العلاقات الخارجية الدبلوماسية للمملكة المتحدة . ويقوم رئيس الوزراء والعديد من الهيئات الأخرى بوضع السياسات، كما أن للعديد من المؤسسات والشركات دوراً ورأياً مؤثراً في هذا الشأن.

كانت المملكة المتحدة القوة العظمى في العالم خلال القرنين التاسع عشر والعشرين، ولا سيما خلال ما يُعرف بـ" السلام البريطاني " - وهي فترة هيمنة لا مثيل لها وسلام دولي غير مسبوق في منتصف القرن التاسع عشر وحتى أواخره. وظلت المملكة المتحدة تُعتبر قوة عظمى حتى أزمة السويس عام 1956، ومع تفكك الإمبراطورية البريطانية، تضاءل دورها المهيمن في الشؤون العالمية تدريجيًا. ومع ذلك، لا تزال المملكة المتحدة قوة عظمى وعضوًا دائمًا في مجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة . وهي عضو مؤسس في رابطة دول جنوب شرق آسيا (AUKUS) ، والكومنولث ، ومجلس أوروبا ، والمحكمة الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان ، ومجموعة الدول السبع ، ومجموعة العشرين ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، وحلف شمال الأطلسي ( الناتو) ، ومنظمة التعاون الاقتصادي والتنمية، ومنظمة الأمن والتعاون في أوروبا ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى كونها عضوًا في اتفاقية الشراكة الشاملة والتقدمية عبر المحيط الهادئ (CPTPP) . كانت المملكة المتحدة أيضاً دولةً مؤسسةً في الاتحاد الأوروبي ، إلا أنه نتيجةً لنتائج استفتاء عام 2016 على العضوية ، بدأت إجراءات الانسحاب من الاتحاد الأوروبي في عام 2017 وانتهت بخروج المملكة المتحدة رسمياً من الاتحاد الأوروبي في 31 يناير 2020، وانتهى بذلك الانتقال في 31 ديسمبر 2020 باتفاقية تجارية مع الاتحاد الأوروبي . ومنذ التصويت واختتام المفاوضات التجارية مع الاتحاد الأوروبي، بدأ صناع السياسات في السعي لإبرام اتفاقيات تجارة حرة جديدة مع شركاء عالميين آخرين.

في مارس 2026، أعلنت الحكومة البريطانية أنها ستجري تخفيضات كبيرة في ميزانية مساعداتها الخارجية، بما في ذلك خفض المساعدات الثنائية للدول الأفريقية بنسبة 56%، حيث يتم إعادة توجيه الأموال نحو الإنفاق الدفاعي. ^{[ 1 ]}

تاريخ

بعد تأسيس مملكة بريطانيا العظمى (التي وحدت إنجلترا واسكتلندا) عام ١٧٠٧، استمرت العلاقات الخارجية البريطانية إلى حد كبير على نهج مملكة إنجلترا . ركزت السياسة الخارجية البريطانية في البداية على تحقيق توازن القوى في أوروبا، بحيث لا تهيمن أي دولة على شؤون القارة. وظلت هذه السياسة مبرراً رئيسياً لحروب بريطانيا ضد نابليون، ولمشاركتها في الحربين العالميتين الأولى والثانية . ثانياً، واصلت بريطانيا توسيع إمبراطوريتها الاستعمارية الأولى من خلال الهجرة والاستثمار.

كانت فرنسا العدو الرئيسي حتى هزيمة نابليون عام 1815. فقد كانت تتمتع بكثافة سكانية أكبر وجيش أقوى، لكن بحرية أضعف. وحقق البريطانيون عمومًا نجاحًا في حروبهم العديدة . الاستثناء البارز، حرب الاستقلال الأمريكية (1775-1783)، شهدت هزيمة بريطانيا، التي لم يكن لديها أي حلفاء رئيسيين، على يد المستعمرين الأمريكيين الذين حظوا بدعم فرنسا وهولندا، وإسبانيا (بشكل غير مباشر). تمثلت إحدى الاستراتيجيات الدبلوماسية البريطانية المفضلة في دعم جيوش الحلفاء في القارة الأوروبية (مثل بروسيا )، ما حوّل القوة المالية الهائلة للندن إلى ميزة عسكرية. واعتمدت بريطانيا اعتمادًا كبيرًا على بحريتها الملكية لتأمين أمنها، ساعيةً إلى الحفاظ على قوتها كأقوى أسطول بحري، وصولًا إلى امتلاكها قاعدة بحرية كاملة في جميع أنحاء العالم. كانت الهيمنة البريطانية على البحار حيوية لتشكيل الإمبراطورية البريطانية والحفاظ عليها، وقد تحقق ذلك من خلال الحفاظ على أسطول بحري أكبر من الأسطولين البحريين التاليين مجتمعين قبل عام 1920. وظل البريطانيون عمومًا بمفردهم حتى أوائل القرن العشرين، عندما أصبحوا أصدقاء مع الولايات المتحدة وعقدوا تحالفات مع اليابان وفرنسا وروسيا وألمانيا، خصمهم السابق الذي أصبح الآن حليفًا.

1814–1914

كانت المئة عام فترة سلمية عموماً، أشبه بسلام بريطاني فرضته البحرية الملكية. شهدت تلك الفترة حربين هامتين، محدودتي النطاق. حرب القرم (1853-1856) شهدت هزيمة روسيا، منهيةً بذلك تهديدها للإمبراطورية العثمانية. أما حرب البوير الثانية (1899-1902) فقد شهدت هزيمة جمهوريتي البوير في جنوب أفريقيا، وتزامن ذلك مع ثورة الملاكمين . أصبحت لندن المركز المالي العالمي ، وتوسعت التجارة في جميع أنحاء العالم. بُنيت " الإمبراطورية البريطانية الثانية " على قاعدة في آسيا (وخاصة الهند) وأفريقيا.

الحرب العالمية الأولى

عشرينيات القرن العشرين

بعد عام 1918، أصبحت بريطانيا قوةً دبلوماسيةً مضطربةً، وتراجع نفوذها الدبلوماسي في عشرينيات القرن العشرين مقارنةً بما كان عليه سابقًا. وكثيرًا ما اضطرت للتنازل للولايات المتحدة، التي كانت تمارس تفوقها المالي باستمرار. ^{[ 2 ]} وشملت المحاور الرئيسية للسياسة الخارجية البريطانية دورًا قياديًا في مؤتمر باريس للسلام 1919-1920، حيث بذل لويد جورج جهودًا حثيثةً لتخفيف حدة المطالب الفرنسية بالانتقام من ألمانيا. ^{[ 3 ]} وقد حقق نجاحًا جزئيًا، لكن سرعان ما اضطرت بريطانيا إلى تعديل السياسة الفرنسية تجاه ألمانيا بشكل أكبر، كما في معاهدات لوكارنو عام 1925. ^{[ 4 ]}^{[ 5 ]} علاوةً على ذلك، حصلت بريطانيا على "انتدابات" سمحت لها ولمستعمراتها بإدارة معظم المستعمرات الألمانية والعثمانية السابقة. ^{[ 6 ]}

أصبحت بريطانيا عضواً فاعلاً في عصبة الأمم الجديدة ، لكن قائمة إنجازاتها الرئيسية كانت ضئيلة. ^{[ 7 ]}^{[ 8 ]}

كان نزع السلاح على رأس جدول الأعمال، ولعبت بريطانيا دورًا رئيسيًا، على غرار الولايات المتحدة، في مؤتمر واشنطن البحري عام 1921 في العمل على نزع السلاح البحري بين القوى الكبرى. وبحلول عام 1933، انهارت اتفاقيات نزع السلاح، وأصبحت القضية هي إعادة التسلح لخوض حرب ضد ألمانيا. ^{[ 9 ]}

نجحت بريطانيا جزئيًا في التفاوض مع الولايات المتحدة على شروط أفضل فيما يتعلق بقروض الحرب الضخمة التي كانت ملزمة بسدادها. ^{[ 10 ]} دعمت بريطانيا الحل الدولي للتعويضات الألمانية من خلال خطة داوز وخطة يونغ . بعد أن ساهمت خطة داوز في استقرار العملة الألمانية وخفض مدفوعاتها السنوية، تمكنت ألمانيا من سداد تعويضاتها السنوية باستخدام أموال مقترضة من بنوك نيويورك، واستخدمت بريطانيا الأموال المستلمة لدفعها إلى واشنطن. ^{[ 11 ]} فرض الكساد الكبير الذي بدأ عام 1929 ضغوطًا هائلة على الاقتصاد البريطاني. أعادت بريطانيا العمل بنظام الأفضلية الإمبراطورية ، الذي يعني تعريفات جمركية منخفضة داخل الإمبراطورية البريطانية وحواجز تجارية أعلى مع الدول الخارجية. توقف تدفق الأموال من نيويورك، وانتهى نظام التعويضات وسداد الديون عام 1931.

في السياسة الداخلية البريطانية، اتسم حزب العمال الناشئ بسياسة خارجية مميزة ومريبة، متجذرة في النزعة السلمية . اعتقد قادته أن السلام مستحيل بسبب الرأسمالية والدبلوماسية السرية وتجارة الأسلحة . ركز حزب العمال على العوامل المادية، متجاهلاً الذكريات النفسية للحرب العالمية الأولى والتوترات العاطفية الشديدة المحيطة بالقومية والحدود الوطنية. ومع ذلك، كرّس زعيم الحزب رامزي ماكدونالد جزءًا كبيرًا من اهتمامه للسياسات الأوروبية. ^{[ 12 ]}

ثلاثينيات القرن العشرين

دفعت الذكريات الحية لأهوال الحرب العالمية الأولى وضحاياها العديد من البريطانيين - وقادتهم من جميع الأحزاب - إلى تبني النزعة السلمية في فترة ما بين الحربين. وقد أدى ذلك مباشرة إلى استرضاء الدكتاتوريين (ولا سيما موسوليني وهتلر ) لتجنب تهديداتهم بالحرب . ^[¹³^]

جاء التحدي من هؤلاء الدكتاتوريين، أولًا من بينيتو موسوليني ، دوتشي إيطاليا ، ثم من أدولف هتلر ، زعيم ألمانيا النازية الأكثر قوة . خيبت عصبة الأمم آمال مؤيديها؛ إذ فشلت في حل أي من التهديدات التي شكلها الدكتاتوريون. انطوت السياسة البريطانية على "استرضائهم" على أمل إرضائهم. بحلول عام 1938، كان من الواضح أن الحرب تلوح في الأفق وأن ألمانيا تمتلك أقوى جيش في العالم. وجاءت الخطوة الأخيرة في سياسة الاسترضاء عندما ضحت بريطانيا وفرنسا بتشيكوسلوفاكيا استجابةً لمطالب هتلر في اتفاقية ميونيخ في سبتمبر 1938. ^[¹⁴^] بدلًا من الإرضاء، هدد هتلر بولندا، وفي النهاية تخلى رئيس الوزراء نيفيل تشامبرلين عن سياسة الاسترضاء وأصر على وعده بالدفاع عن بولندا (31 مارس 1939). ومع ذلك، أبرم هتلر صفقة مع جوزيف ستالين لتقسيم أوروبا الشرقية (23 أغسطس 1939). عندما غزت ألمانيا بولندا في سبتمبر 1939، أعلنت بريطانيا وفرنسا الحرب، وحذت دول الكومنولث البريطاني حذو لندن. ^[¹⁵^]

الحرب العالمية الثانية

بعد توقيع التحالف العسكري الأنجلو-بولندي في أغسطس/آب 1939، أعلنت بريطانيا وفرنسا الحرب على ألمانيا في سبتمبر /أيلول من العام نفسه ردًا على غزو ألمانيا لبولندا. وشمل هذا الإعلان المستعمرات التابعة للتاج البريطاني والهند ، التي كانت تخضع لسيطرة بريطانيا المباشرة. ورغم استقلال هذه الدول في سياستها الخارجية، إلا أنها دخلت الحرب ضد ألمانيا سريعًا. وبعد هزيمة فرنسا في يونيو/حزيران 1940، وقفت بريطانيا وإمبراطوريتها وحيدة في مواجهة ألمانيا حتى يونيو/حزيران 1941. وقدمت الولايات المتحدة دعمًا دبلوماسيًا وماليًا وماديًا، بدءًا من عام 1940، ولا سيما من خلال برنامج الإعارة والتأجير ، الذي بدأ عام 1941 وبلغ ذروته عام 1943. وفي أغسطس/آب 1941، اجتمع تشرشل وروزفلت واتفقا على ميثاق الأطلسي ، الذي نص على ضرورة احترام "حق جميع الشعوب في اختيار شكل الحكومة التي تعيش في ظلها". وكانت هذه الصياغة غامضة، ما أدى إلى تفسيرات مختلفة من قبل البريطانيين والأمريكيين والحركات القومية. ^[¹⁶^]

ابتداءً من ديسمبر 1941، اجتاحت اليابان الممتلكات البريطانية في آسيا، بما في ذلك هونغ كونغ ومالايا ، وخاصة القاعدة الرئيسية في سنغافورة . ثم توغلت اليابان في بورما ، متجهةً نحو الهند. وكان رد فعل تشرشل على دخول الولايات المتحدة الحرب هو أن بريطانيا باتت تضمن النصر، وأن مستقبل الإمبراطورية آمن. ومع ذلك، ألحقت الهزائم السريعة ضرراً لا رجعة فيه بمكانة بريطانيا وهيبتها كقوة إمبريالية . ودفع إدراك بريطانيا عجزها عن الدفاع عن نفسها أستراليا ونيوزيلندا إلى إقامة علاقات وثيقة دائمة مع الولايات المتحدة. ^{[ 17 ]}

ما بعد الحرب

في عام 1945، كانت بريطانيا تعاني من ضائقة اقتصادية شديدة (مثقلة بالديون وتواجه دماراً واسع النطاق في بنيتها التحتية )، فعملت بشكل منهجي على تقليص التزاماتها الخارجية. واتخذت دوراً بديلاً كمشارك فاعل في الحرب الباردة ضد الشيوعية ، لا سيما بصفتها عضواً مؤسساً في حلف شمال الأطلسي (الناتو) عام 1949. ^{[ 18 ]}

أسس البريطانيون إمبراطورية عالمية شاسعة، بلغت ذروتها عام ١٩٢٢، بعد أكثر من نصف قرن من الهيمنة العالمية المطلقة. إلا أن التكاليف المتراكمة لخوض حربين عالميتين أثقلت كاهل الاقتصاد البريطاني. بعد عام ١٩٤٥، تفككت الإمبراطورية البريطانية سريعًا، ونالت جميع المستعمرات الرئيسية استقلالها. وبحلول منتصف إلى أواخر خمسينيات القرن العشرين، تضاءلت مكانة المملكة المتحدة كقوة عظمى أمام الولايات المتحدة والاتحاد السوفيتي. انضمت معظم المستعمرات السابقة إلى "رابطة الكومنولث"، وهي منظمة تضم دولًا مستقلة تمامًا تتمتع الآن بمكانة مساوية للمملكة المتحدة. مع ذلك، لم تتبنَّ الرابطة أي سياسات جماعية رئيسية. ^{[ ١٩ ]}^{[ ٢٠ ]} سُلمت آخر مستعمرة رئيسية، هونغ كونغ، إلى الصين عام ١٩٩٧. ^{[ ٢١ ]} تحافظ أربعة عشر إقليمًا بريطانيًا ما وراء البحار على صلة دستورية بالمملكة المتحدة، لكنها ليست جزءًا منها. ^{[ ٢٢ ]}

قلّصت بريطانيا تدخلاتها في الشرق الأوسط بعد أزمة السويس المهينة عام 1956. ومع ذلك، أقامت بريطانيا علاقات عسكرية وثيقة مع الولايات المتحدة وفرنسا وألمانيا من خلال حلف شمال الأطلسي (الناتو). بعد سنوات من النقاش (والرفض)، انضمت بريطانيا إلى السوق الأوروبية المشتركة عام 1973، والتي أصبحت الاتحاد الأوروبي عام 1993. ^{[ 23 ]} إلا أنها لم تندمج مالياً ، وأبقت الجنيه الإسترليني منفصلاً عن اليورو ، مما عزلها جزئياً عن أزمة منطقة اليورو . ^{[ 24 ]} في يونيو 2016، صوّتت المملكة المتحدة لصالح الخروج من الاتحاد الأوروبي . ^{[ 25 ]}^{[ 26 ]}

القرن الحادي والعشرون

شملت مبادرات السياسة الخارجية للحكومات البريطانية منذ تسعينيات القرن الماضي التدخل العسكري في النزاعات وحفظ السلام، وبرامج المساعدة الإنسانية وزيادة الإنفاق على المساعدات، ودعم إنشاء المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، وتخفيف أعباء الديون عن الدول النامية، وإعطاء الأولوية للمبادرات الرامية إلى معالجة تغير المناخ ، وتعزيز التجارة الحرة . ^{[ 27 ]} وقد وُصف النهج البريطاني بأنه "نشر المعايير الصحيحة ودعم حلف شمال الأطلسي". ^{[ 28 ]}

يجادل لون وآخرون (2008) بما يلي: ^{[ 29 ]}

تمثلت ثلاثة محاور رئيسية في رئاسة توني بلير للوزراء التي امتدت لعشر سنوات في فلسفة التدخل الفعال، والحفاظ على تحالف قوي مع الولايات المتحدة، والالتزام بوضع بريطانيا في قلب أوروبا. وبينما كانت "العلاقة الخاصة" ومسألة دور بريطانيا في أوروبا محوريتين في السياسة الخارجية البريطانية منذ الحرب العالمية الثانية، إلا أن التدخل كان عنصراً جديداً تماماً.

كانت حملة "غريت" لعام 2012 واحدة من أكثر جهود الترويج الوطني طموحًا على الإطلاق التي قامت بها أي دولة كبرى. وقد خُطط لها للاستفادة القصوى من الاهتمام العالمي الذي حظيت به دورة الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية في لندن . تمثلت أهدافها في إبراز الثقافة البريطانية لتحفيز التجارة والاستثمار والسياحة. وقد تعاونت الحكومة مع قادة بارزين في مجالات الثقافة والأعمال والدبلوماسية والتعليم. ووحدت الحملة العديد من المحاور والأهداف، بما في ذلك اجتماعات الأعمال، والمؤتمرات الأكاديمية، وتجار المركبات الترفيهية، والحدائق ومواقع التخييم، ومكاتب المؤتمرات والزوار، والفنادق، وبيوت الضيافة، والكازينوهات. ^{[ 30 ]}^{[ 31 ]}

في عام 2013، وصفت حكومة ديفيد كاميرون نهجها في السياسة الخارجية بقولها: ^{[ 32 ]}

في أي قضية تتعلق بالسياسة الخارجية، تمتلك المملكة المتحدة مجموعة من الخيارات لتحقيق أثر إيجابي يخدم مصالحها الوطنية. ... لدينا شبكة معقدة من التحالفات والشراكات التي يمكننا العمل من خلالها... وتشمل هذه التحالفات - بالإضافة إلى الاتحاد الأوروبي - الأمم المتحدة والمجموعات التابعة لها، مثل الدول الخمس دائمة العضوية في مجلس الأمن (مجموعة الدول الخمس الكبرى)؛ وحلف شمال الأطلسي (الناتو)؛ والكومنولث؛ ومنظمة التعاون الاقتصادي والتنمية؛ ومجموعة الدول الثماني ومجموعة العشرين، وهما مجموعتان تضمّان الدول الصناعية الكبرى؛ وغيرها.

بدأت المملكة المتحدة في إنشاء منشآت جوية وبحرية في الخليج العربي ، وتحديدًا في الإمارات العربية المتحدة والبحرين وعُمان ، خلال الفترة 2014-2015. [ ^{33 ] [}^{34 ] [}^{35 ] [}^{36 ] وسلط} تقرير المراجعة الاستراتيجية للدفاع والأمن لعام 2015 الضوء على مجموعة من مبادرات السياسة الخارجية للحكومة البريطانية. ^{[ 37 ]}^{[ 38 ]} ويشير إدوارد لونغينوتي إلى أن السياسة الدفاعية البريطانية الحالية تواجه تحديًا في كيفية التوفيق بين التزامين رئيسيين، أحدهما تجاه أوروبا والآخر تجاه استراتيجية عسكرية عالمية " شرق السويس "، وذلك في ظل ميزانية دفاعية متواضعة لا تكفي إلا لتمويل أحدهما. ويوضح أن اتفاقية بريطانيا في ديسمبر 2014 لإنشاء قاعدة بحرية دائمة في البحرين تؤكد التزامها التدريجي المتجدد شرق السويس. ^{[ 39 ]} وبحسب بعض المقاييس، لا تزال بريطانيا ثاني أقوى دولة في العالم بفضل قوتها الناعمة و"قدرتها اللوجستية على نشر ودعم وصيانة القوات العسكرية في الخارج بأعداد كبيرة". ^{[ 40 ]} على الرغم من أن المعلقين شككوا في الحاجة إلى استعراض القوة العالمية، ^{[ 41 ]} فإن مفهوم "بريطانيا العالمية" الذي طرحته الحكومة المحافظة في عام 2019 أشار إلى مزيد من النشاط العسكري في الشرق الأوسط والمحيط الهادئ، خارج نطاق نفوذ حلف الناتو التقليدي. ^{[ 42 ]}^{[ 43 ]}

في نهاية يناير 2020، غادرت المملكة المتحدة الاتحاد الأوروبي ، مع اتفاقية تجارية لاحقة مع الاتحاد الأوروبي سارية المفعول اعتبارًا من 1 يناير 2021، تحدد شروط العلاقة الاقتصادية بين المملكة المتحدة والاتحاد الأوروبي والقدرات التي يمكن لوزارة الخارجية والكومنولث والتنمية استخدامها في العلاقات الخارجية المتعلقة بالتجارة.

العلاقات الدبلوماسية

تعود العلاقات الدبلوماسية البريطانية إلى القرن الثالث عشر. ^{[ 44 ]} أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جميع الدول الأعضاء في الأمم المتحدة ، باستثناء بوتان ، بالإضافة إلى ثلاث دول غير أعضاء في الأمم المتحدة: الكرسي الرسولي ، وكوسوفو ، وفلسطين . علاوة على ذلك، أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات رسمية مع فرسان مالطا في 9 أكتوبر 2024. ^{[ 45 ]} يوضح الجدول التالي تاريخ إقامة العلاقات الدبلوماسية مع الدول الأخرى:

قائمة العلاقات الدبلوماسية للمملكة المتحدة
دولة	تاريخ	مصدر
البرتغال	9 مايو 1386	^{[ 46 ]}
فرنسا	1396	^{[ 47 ]}
الدنمارك	1401	^{[ 48 ]}
إسبانيا	أبريل 1509	^{[ 49 ]}^{[ 50 ]}
روسيا	24 أغسطس 1553	^{[ 51 ]}
هولندا	10 أغسطس 1585	^{[ 52 ]}
السويد	23 ديسمبر 1653	^{[ 53 ]}
الولايات المتحدة	1 يونيو 1785	^{[ 54 ]}
إيران	5 يونيو 1807	^{[ 55 ]}
نيبال	4 مارس 1816	^{[ 56 ]}^{[ 57 ]}
تشيلي	14 سبتمبر 1823	^{[ 58 ]}
بيرو	10 أكتوبر 1823	^{[ 59 ]}
الأرجنتين	2 فبراير 1825	^{[ 60 ]}
كولومبيا	18 أبريل 1825	^{[ 61 ]}
البرازيل	1825	^{[ 62 ]}
هايتي	1826	^{[ 63 ]}
المكسيك	26 ديسمبر 1826	^{[ 64 ]}
اليونان	21 نوفمبر 1828	^{[ 65 ]}
بلجيكا	1 ديسمبر 1830	^{[ 66 ]}
أوروغواي	21 فبراير 1833	^{[ 67 ]}
فنزويلا	15 أغسطس 1835	^{[ 68 ]}^{[ 69 ]}
غواتيمالا	12 يونيو 1837	^{[ 70 ]}
بوليفيا	29 سبتمبر 1840	^{[ 71 ]}
كوستاريكا	28 فبراير 1848	^{[ 72 ]}
هندوراس	16 يونيو 1849	^{[ 73 ]}^{[ 74 ]}
ليبيريا	1 أغسطس 1849	^{[ 75 ]}
جمهورية الدومينيكان	6 مارس 1850	^{[ 76 ]}
الإكوادور	29 يناير 1853	^{[ 77 ]}
باراغواي	4 مارس 1853	^{[ 78 ]}
تايلاند	18 أبريل 1855	^{[ 79 ]}
اليابان	26 أغسطس 1858	^{[ 80 ]}
نيكاراغوا	18 يناير 1859	^{[ 81 ]}
إيطاليا	13 أبريل 1859	^{[ 82 ]}
صربيا	7 فبراير 1870	^{[ 83 ]}
بلغاريا	23 يوليو 1879	^{[ 84 ]}
رومانيا	20 فبراير 1880	^{[ 85 ]}
السلفادور	1883	^{[ 86 ]}
لوكسمبورغ	8 يونيو 1891	^{[ 87 ]}
سويسرا	1891	^{[ 88 ]}
أثيوبيا	14 مايو 1897	^{[ 89 ]}^{[ 90 ]}
كوبنهاغن	20 مايو 1902	^{[ 91 ]}
النرويج	6 نوفمبر 1905	^{[ 92 ]}
بنما	9 أبريل 1908	^{[ 93 ]}
أستراليا	22 يناير 1910	^{[ 94 ]}^{[ 95 ]}
مصر	19 ديسمبر 1914	^{[ 96 ]}
فنلندا	28 مارس 1918	^{[ 97 ]}
الجمهورية التشيكية	26 أكتوبر 1918	^{[ 98 ]}
بولندا	15 يوليو 1919	^{[ 99 ]}
النمسا	8 نوفمبر 1919	^{[ 100 ]}
هنغاريا	22 مايو 1921	^{[ 101 ]}
ألبانيا	9 نوفمبر 1921	^{[ 102 ]}
أفغانستان	22 نوفمبر 1921	^{[ 103 ]}
أيرلندا	6 ديسمبر 1922	^{[ 104 ]}
ديك رومى	2 سبتمبر 1924	^{[ 105 ]}
كندا	1 يوليو 1926	^{[ 106 ]}
المملكة العربية السعودية	20 مايو 1927	^{[ 107 ]}
جنوب أفريقيا	10 مارس 1931	^{[ 108 ]}
العراق	4 أكتوبر 1932	^{[ 109 ]}
نيوزيلندا	مارس 1939	^{[ 110 ]}
أيسلندا	8 مايو 1940	^{[ 111 ]}
لبنان	9 فبراير 1942	^{[ 112 ]}
سوريا	9 فبراير 1942	^{[ 112 ]}
الأردن	17 يونيو 1946	^{[ 113 ]}
فيلبيني	4 يوليو 1946	^{[ 114 ]}
سريلانكا	22 أكتوبر 1946	^{[ 115 ]}
ميانمار	7 يوليو 1947	^{[ 116 ]}
الهند	14 أغسطس 1947	^{[ 113 ]}
باكستان	14 أغسطس 1947	^{[ 117 ]}
كوريا الجنوبية	18 يناير 1949	^{[ 118 ]}
أندونيسيا	19 ديسمبر 1949	^{[ 119 ]}
إسرائيل	28 أبريل 1950	^{[ 120 ]}
اليمن	20 يناير 1951	^{[ 121 ]}
ألمانيا	20 يونيو 1951	^{[ 122 ]}
ليبيا	24 ديسمبر 1951	^{[ 113 ]}
كمبوديا	5 مايو 1952	^{[ 123 ]}
الصين	17 يونيو 1954	^{[ 124 ]}
لاوس	5 سبتمبر 1955	^{[ 125 ]}
السودان	3 مارس 1956	^{[ 126 ]}
تونس	19 يونيو 1956	^{[ 113 ]}
المغرب	28 يونيو 1956	^{[ 113 ]}
غانا	6 مارس 1957	^{[ 113 ]}
ماليزيا	31 أغسطس 1957	^{[ 127 ]}
غينيا	28 مايو 1959	^{[ 128 ]}
الكاميرون	1 فبراير 1960	^{[ 113 ]}
توغو	27 أبريل 1960	^{[ 113 ]}
مدغشقر	27 يونيو 1960	^{[ 129 ]}
جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية	7 يوليو 1960	^{[ 130 ]}
الصومال	7 يوليو 1960	^{[ 131 ]}
قبرص	1 أكتوبر 1960	^{[ 132 ]}
السنغال	20 أغسطس 1960	^{[ 113 ]}
نيجيريا	1 أكتوبر 1960	^{[ 133 ]}
بنين	6 أكتوبر 1960	^{[ 134 ]}
بوركينا فاسو	6 أكتوبر 1960	^{[ 134 ]}
النيجر	6 أكتوبر 1960	^{[ 134 ]}
ساحل العاج	12 أكتوبر 1960	^{[ 135 ]}
موريتانيا	28 نوفمبر 1960	^{[ 136 ]}
تشاد	9 ديسمبر 1960	^{[ 134 ]}
جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى	9 ديسمبر 1960	^{[ 134 ]}
جمهورية الكونغو	9 ديسمبر 1960	^{[ 134 ]}
الغابون	9 ديسمبر 1960	^{[ 134 ]}
مالي	22 مارس 1961	^{[ 113 ]}
سيراليون	أبريل 1961	^{[ 113 ]}
الكويت	22 سبتمبر 1961	^{[ 137 ]}
تنزانيا	9 ديسمبر 1961	^{[ 138 ]}
بوروندي	1 يوليو 1962	^{[ 139 ]}
رواندا	1 يوليو 1962	^{[ 113 ]}
جامايكا	2 أغسطس 1962	^{[ 140 ]}
ترينيداد وتوباغو	31 أغسطس 1962	^{[ 141 ]}
أوغندا	9 أكتوبر 1962	^{[ 142 ]}
الجزائر	1962	^{[ 143 ]}
منغوليا	23 يناير 1963	^{[ 144 ]}
كينيا	1963	^{[ 145 ]}
مالاوي	6 يوليو 1964	^{[ 113 ]}
مالطا	21 سبتمبر 1964	^{[ 146 ]}
زامبيا	17 أكتوبر 1964	^{[ 113 ]}
غامبيا	1 يناير 1965	^{[ 113 ]}
جزر المالديف	26 يوليو 1965	^{[ 147 ]}
سنغافورة	9 أغسطس 1965	^{[ 148 ]}
غيانا	26 مايو 1966	^{[ 149 ]}
بوتسوانا	30 سبتمبر 1966	^{[ 113 ]}
بربادوس	30 نوفمبر 1966	^{[ 150 ]}
ليسوتو	4 أكتوبر 1966	^{[ 151 ]}
موريشيوس	12 مارس 1968	^{[ 113 ]}
إسواتيني	6 سبتمبر 1968	^{[ 113 ]}
غينيا الاستوائية	20 يونيو 1969	^{[ 152 ]}
تونغا	4 يونيو 1970	^{[ 153 ]}
ساموا	سبتمبر 1970	^{[ 154 ]}
فيجي	10 أكتوبر 1970	^{[ 155 ]}
سلطنة عمان	21 مايو 1971	^{[ 156 ]}
البحرين	21 أغسطس 1971	^{[ 157 ]}
الإمارات العربية المتحدة	6 ديسمبر 1971	^{[ 158 ]}
بنغلاديش	4 فبراير 1972	^{[ 159 ]}
قطر	24 مايو 1972	^{[ 160 ]}
جزر البهاما	10 يوليو 1973	^{[ 161 ]}
فيتنام	11 سبتمبر 1973	^{[ 162 ]}
غرينادا	7 فبراير 1974	^{[ 163 ]}
غينيا بيساو	12 مارس 1975	^{[ 163 ]}
موزمبيق	27 أغسطس 1975	^{[ 164 ]}
بابوا غينيا الجديدة	16 سبتمبر 1975	^{[ 165 ]}
سورينام	31 مارس 1976	^{[ 166 ]}
سيشل	29 يونيو 1976	^{[ 167 ]}
الرأس الأخضر	17 مايو 1977	^{[ 168 ]}
جزر القمر	3 أكتوبر 1977	^{[ 169 ]}
أنغولا	14 أكتوبر 1977	^{[ 170 ]}
ناورو	1 ديسمبر 1977	^{[ 163 ]}
جيبوتي	25 يناير 1978	^{[ 163 ]}
جزر سليمان	7 يوليو 1978	^{[ 171 ]}
توفالو	1 أكتوبر 1978	^{[ 163 ]}
دومينيكا	3 نوفمبر 1978	^{[ 172 ]}
سانت لوسيا	1979	^{[ 173 ]}
كيريباتي	12 يوليو 1979	^{[ 163 ]}
سانت فنسنت وجزر غرينادين	27 أكتوبر 1979	^{[ 174 ]}
ساو تومي وبرينسيبي	3 ديسمبر 1979	^{[ 163 ]}
زيمبابوي	18 أبريل 1980	^{[ 163 ]}
فانواتو	30 يوليو 1980	^{[ 175 ]}
بليز	21 سبتمبر 1981	^{[ 176 ]}
أنتيغوا وبربودا	1 نوفمبر 1981	^{[ 163 ]}
الكرسي الرسولي	16 يناير 1982	^{[ 177 ]}
سانت كيتس ونيفيس	19 سبتمبر 1983	^{[ 178 ]}
بروناي	1 يناير 1984	^{[ 179 ]}
ناميبيا	21 مارس 1990	^{[ 180 ]}
ليتوانيا	4 سبتمبر 1991	^{[ 181 ]}
إستونيا	5 سبتمبر 1991	^{[ 182 ]}
لاتفيا	5 سبتمبر 1991	^{[ 183 ]}
أوكرانيا	10 يناير 1992	^{[ 184 ]}
سلوفينيا	15 يناير 1992	^{[ 185 ]}
طاجيكستان	15 يناير 1992	^{[ 186 ]}
مولدوفا	17 يناير 1992	^{[ 187 ]}
كازاخستان	19 يناير 1992	^{[ 188 ]}
أرمينيا	20 يناير 1992	^{[ 189 ]}
تركمانستان	23 يناير 1992	^{[ 190 ]}
بيلاروسيا	27 يناير 1992	^{[ 191 ]}
جزر مارشال	2 فبراير 1992	^{[ 192 ]}
ليختنشتاين	6 فبراير 1992	^{[ 193 ]}
أوزبكستان	18 فبراير 1992	^{[ 194 ]}
أذربيجان	11 مارس 1992	^{[ 195 ]}
البوسنة والهرسك	13 أبريل 1992	^{[ 196 ]}
جورجيا	27 أبريل 1992	^{[ 197 ]}
قيرغيزستان	12 يونيو 1992	^{[ 198 ]}
كرواتيا	24 يونيو 1992	^{[ 199 ]}
ولايات ميكرونيزيا الموحدة	31 أغسطس 1992	^{[ 200 ]}
سلوفاكيا	1 يناير 1993	^{[ 201 ]}
إريتريا	16 نوفمبر 1993	^{[ 202 ]}
مقدونيا الشمالية	16 ديسمبر 1993	^{[ 203 ]}
أندورا	9 مارس 1994	^{[ 204 ]}
بالاو	16 أغسطس 1996	^{[ 205 ]}
سان مارينو	18 نوفمبر 1998	^{[ 206 ]}
كوريا الشمالية	12 ديسمبر 2000	^{[ 207 ]}
تيمور الشرقية	2002	^{[ 208 ]}
الجبل الأسود	13 يونيو 2006	^{[ 209 ]}
موناكو	21 سبتمبر 2007	^{[ 210 ]}
كوسوفو	18 فبراير 2008	^{[ 211 ]}
جنوب السودان	9 يوليو 2011	^{[ 212 ]}
فلسطين	5 يناير 2026	^{[ 213 ]}

العلاقات الثنائية

أفريقيا

دولة	منذ	ملحوظات
الجزائر	1962	انظر العلاقات الجزائرية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء ديفيد كاميرون مع رئيس الوزراء الجزائري عبد المالك سلال في الجزائر، يناير 2013 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع الجزائر في عام 1962. ^{[ 143 ]} تحتفظ الجزائر بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 214 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى الجزائر من خلال سفارتها في الجزائر العاصمة . ^{[ 215 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربطهما اتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي ^{[ 216 ]} وشراكة استراتيجية ^{[ 217 ] .}
أنغولا	1977	انظر العلاقات بين أنغولا والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية ديفيد لامي مع الرئيس الأنغولي جواو لورنسو في بروكسل ، يونيو 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع أنغولا في 14 أكتوبر 1977. ^{[ 170 ]} تحتفظ أنغولا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 218 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى أنغولا من خلال سفارتها في لواندا . ^{[ 219 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ويربط البلدين شراكة رفيعة المستوى لتحقيق الازدهار. ^{[ 221 ]}
بنين	1960	انظر العلاقات بين بنين والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع بنين في 6 أكتوبر 1960، والتي كانت تُعرف آنذاك باسم داهومي . ^{[ 134 ]} لا تحتفظ بنين بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى بنين من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في أكرا ، غانا. ^{[ 222 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 223 ]} والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربط الدولتين اتفاقية استثمار ثنائية. ^{[ 224 ]}
بوتسوانا	1966	انظر العلاقات بين بوتسوانا والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية ويليام هيغ في بوتسوانا، فبراير 2012 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع بوتسوانا في 30 سبتمبر 1966. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ بوتسوانا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 225 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى بوتسوانا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في غابورون . ^{[ 226 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة بوتسوانا من عام 1885 إلى عام 1966، عندما نالت استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين جنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 227 ]} ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي. ^{[ 228 ]}
بوركينا فاسو	1960	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لبوركينا فاسو نائب رئيس الوزراء نيك كليج مع الرئيس البوركينابي بليز كومباوري في لندن، يناير 2011 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع بوركينا فاسو في 6 أكتوبر 1960، والتي كانت تُعرف آنذاك باسم فولتا العليا . ^{[ 134 ]} لا تمتلك بوركينا فاسو سفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى بوركينا فاسو من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في أكرا، غانا. ^{[ 229 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
بوروندي	1962	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لبوروندي أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع بوروندي في 1 يوليو 1962. ^{[ 139 ]} تحتفظ بوروندي بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 230 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى بوروندي من خلال مكتب سفارتها في بوجومبورا . ^{[ 231 ]} كلا البلدين عضوان في الأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى البلدين اتفاقية استثمار ثنائية. ^{[ 232 ]}
الكاميرون	1960	انظر العلاقات بين الكاميرون والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية مارك سيموندز مع رئيس الوزراء الكاميروني بيير موكوكو مبونجو ، سبتمبر 2013 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع الكاميرون في 1 فبراير 1960. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ الكاميرون بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 233 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى الكاميرون من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في ياوندي . ^{[ 234 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة الجزء الغربي من الكاميرون من عام 1916 إلى عام 1961، عندما انضمت إلى جمهورية الكاميرون الاتحادية . تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربط الدولتين اتفاقية شراكة اقتصادية ثنائية . ^{[ 235 ]}
الرأس الأخضر	1977	انظر العلاقات الخارجية للرأس الأخضر أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع الرأس الأخضر في 17 مايو 1977. ^{[ 113 ]} لا تحتفظ الرأس الأخضر بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى الرأس الأخضر من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال سفارتها في لشبونة ، البرتغال. ^{[ 236 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى	1960	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لجمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى في 9 ديسمبر 1960. ^{[ 134 ]} لا تحتفظ جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال سفارتها في كينشاسا ، جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية. ^{[ 237 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
تشاد	1960	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لتشاد وزير الخارجية ديفيد لامي في تشاد، يناير 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع تشاد في 9 ديسمبر 1960. ^{[ 134 ]} لا تحتفظ تشاد بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى تشاد من خلال سفارتها في نجامينا . ^{[ 238 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربطهما شراكة تنموية ثنائية. ^{[ 239 ]}
جزر القمر	1977	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لجزر القمر أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جزر القمر في 3 أكتوبر 1977. ^{[ 169 ]} لا تحتفظ جزر القمر بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى جزر القمر من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال سفارتها في أنتاناناريفو ، مدغشقر. ^{[ 240 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين شرق وجنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 241 ]}
جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية	1960	انظر العلاقات بين جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية والمملكة المتحدة Foreign Secretary James Cleverly with Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi in London, October 2022 The UK established diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of the Congo on 7 July 1960.^[130] The Democratic Republic of the Congo maintains an embassy in London.^[242] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Democratic Republic of the Congo through its embassy in Kinshasa.^[243] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Development Partnership.^[239]
Djibouti	1978	See Foreign relations of Djibouti Foreign Secretary William Hague with Foreign Minister Mahamoud Ali Youssouf in London, May, 2013 The UK established diplomatic relations with Djibouti on 25 January 1978.^[163] Djibouti does not maintain an embassy in the UK. The United Kingdom is accredited to Djibouti through its embassy in Djibouti.^[244] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization.
Egypt	1914	See Egypt–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Rishi Sunak with Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi at COP27 in Sharm El Sheikh, October 2023 The UK established diplomatic relations with Egypt on 19 December 1914.^[96] Egypt maintains an embassy in London.^[245] The United Kingdom is accredited to Egypt through its embassy in Cairo.^[246] The UK governed Egypt from 1882 to 1956, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Association Agreement,^[247] a Development Partnership,^[239] and a Double Taxation Convention.^[248]
Equatorial Guinea	1969	See Foreign relations of Equatorial Guinea أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع غينيا الاستوائية في 20 يونيو 1969. ^{[ 152 ]} لا تحتفظ غينيا الاستوائية بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة؛ فقد أغلقت حكومة غينيا الاستوائية سفارتها في لندن. ^{[ 249 ]} المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى غينيا الاستوائية من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في ياوندي، الكاميرون. ^{[ 250 ]} كلا البلدين عضوان في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي ^{[ 220 ]} والأمم المتحدة .
إريتريا	1993	انظر العلاقات بين إريتريا والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع إريتريا في 16 نوفمبر 1993. ^{[ 202 ]} تحتفظ إريتريا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 251 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى إريتريا من خلال سفارتها في أسمرة . ^{[ 252 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة إريتريا من عام 1941 إلى عام 1952، عندما اتحدت إريتريا مع إثيوبيا في اتحاد فيدرالي . ^{[ 253 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة .
إسواتيني	1968	انظر العلاقات بين إسواتيني والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع إسواتيني في 6 سبتمبر 1968. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ إسواتيني بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 254 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى إسواتيني من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في مبابان . ^{[ 255 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة إسواتيني من عام 1903 إلى عام 1968، عندما نالت استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين جنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 227 ]} ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 256 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 257 ]}
أثيوبيا	1841	انظر العلاقات الإثيوبية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء ونستون تشرشل مع الإمبراطور الإثيوبي هيلا سيلاسي في مقر رئاسة الوزراء في داونينج ستريت رقم 10، أكتوبر 1954 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع إثيوبيا في عام 1841. ^{[ 258 ]} تحتفظ إثيوبيا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 259 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى إثيوبيا من خلال سفارتها في أديس أبابا . ^{[ 260 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة إثيوبيا من عام 1941 إلى عام 1942. واستمرت المملكة المتحدة في حكم منطقتي أوغادين وهود من عام 1941 حتى تم التنازل عن المنطقتين لإثيوبيا في عامي 1948 و1955 على التوالي. ^{[ 261 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة . ولدى الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 262 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 263 ]}
الغابون	1960	انظر العلاقات بين الغابون والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية ويليام هيغ مع الرئيس الغابوني علي بونغو في لندن، فبراير 2014 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع الغابون في 9 ديسمبر 1960. ^{[ 134 ]} تحتفظ الغابون بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 264 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى الغابون من خلال قنصل فخري في ليبرفيل . ^{[ 265 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والكومنولث والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
غامبيا	1965	انظر العلاقات بين غامبيا والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع غامبيا في 1 يناير 1965. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ غامبيا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 266 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى غامبيا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في بانجول . ^{[ 267 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة غامبيا من عام 1816 إلى عام 1965، عندما نالت غامبيا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربطهما اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 268 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 269 ]}
غانا	1957	انظر العلاقات بين غانا والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء بوريس جونسون مع الرئيس الغاني نانا أكوفو-أدو في مقر رئاسة الوزراء في 10 داونينج ستريت، أبريل 2022 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع غانا في 6 مارس 1957. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ غانا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 270 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى غانا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في أكرا . ^{[ 271 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة غانا من عام 1821 إلى عام 1957، عندما نالت غانا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والكومنولث والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين على الصعيد الثنائي شراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية شراكة تجارية مؤقتة ، ^{[ 272 ]} وشراكة ازدهار رفيعة المستوى، ^{[ 221 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 273 ]}
غينيا	1959	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لغينيا أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع غينيا في 28 مايو 1959. ^{[ 128 ]} تحتفظ غينيا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 274 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى غينيا من خلال سفارتها في كوناكري . ^{[ 275 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
غينيا بيساو	1975	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لغينيا بيساو أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع غينيا بيساو في 12 مارس 1975. ^{[ 163 ]} لا تحتفظ غينيا بيساو بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى غينيا بيساو من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال سفارتها في داكار ، السنغال. ^{[ 276 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة أجزاء من غينيا بيساو من عام 1792 إلى عام 1870، عندما تم التنازل عنها للبرتغال . كلا البلدين عضوان في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
ساحل العاج	1960	انظر العلاقات بين ساحل العاج والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية مارك سيموندز مع رئيس وزراء ساحل العاج دانيال كابلان دنكان في لندن، يونيو 2013 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع ساحل العاج في 12 أكتوبر 1960. ^{[ 135 ]} تحتفظ ساحل العاج بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 277 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى ساحل العاج من خلال سفارتها في أبيدجان . ^{[ 278 ]} تشترك الدولتان في عضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وعلى الصعيد الثنائي، تربط الدولتين اتفاقية شراكة اقتصادية ، ^{[ 279 ]} وشراكة ازدهار رفيعة المستوى، ^{[ 221 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 280 ]}
كينيا	1963	انظر العلاقات بين كينيا والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع الرئيس الكيني ويليام روتو في اجتماع الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة في مدينة نيويورك ، سبتمبر 2024 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع كينيا في عام 1963. ^{[ 145 ]} تحتفظ كينيا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 281 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى كينيا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في نيروبي . ^{[ 282 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة كينيا من عام 1895 إلى عام 1963، عندما نالت كينيا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقيات ثنائية، منها اتفاقية شراكة اقتصادية ، ^{[ 283 ]} واتفاقية تعاون دفاعي، ^{[ 284 ]} وشراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 285 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 286 ]}
ليسوتو	1966	انظر العلاقات بين ليسوتو والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية هوغو سوير مع رئيس وزراء ليسوتو توم ثابان في لندن، أبريل 2014 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع ليسوتو في 4 أكتوبر 1966. ^{[ 151 ]} تحتفظ ليسوتو بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 287 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى ليسوتو من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في ماسيرو . ^{[ 288 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة ليسوتو من عام 1868 إلى عام 1966، عندما نالت استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين جنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . ^[²²⁷^] ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية استثمار ثنائية. ^[²⁸⁹^]
ليبيريا	1849	انظر العلاقات بين ليبيريا والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء ديفيد كاميرون مع رئيسة ليبيريا إيلين جونسون سيرليف في لندن، نوفمبر 2012 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع ليبيريا في 1 أغسطس 1849. ^{[ 75 ]} تحتفظ ليبيريا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 290 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى ليبيريا من خلال سفارتها في مونروفيا . ^{[ 291 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربطهما شراكة تنموية ثنائية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية لتبادل المعلومات الضريبية. ^{[ 292 ]}
ليبيا	1951	انظر العلاقات الليبية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء البريطاني بوريس جونسون مع رئيس الوزراء الليبي عبد الحميد دبيبة في مقر رئاسة الوزراء البريطانية (10 داونينج ستريت)، يونيو 2021 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع ليبيا في 24 ديسمبر 1951. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ ليبيا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 293 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى ليبيا من خلال سفارتها في طرابلس . ^{[ 294 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة ليبيا من عام 1942 إلى عام 1951، عندما نالت ليبيا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 295 ]} وقد وقعتا اتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 296 ]}
مدغشقر	1960	انظر العلاقات بين مدغشقر والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية جيمس دودريدج مع رئيس مدغشقر هيري راجاوناريمامبيانينا في لندن، نوفمبر 2015 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع مدغشقر في 27 يونيو 1960. ^{[ 129 ]} تحتفظ مدغشقر بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 297 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى مدغشقر من خلال سفارتها في أنتاناناريفو . ^{[ 298 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة مدغشقر من عام 1942 إلى عام 1943، عندما تم نقل مدغشقر إلى فرنسا. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، فضلاً عن اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين شرق وجنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 241 ]} كما تربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية. ^{[ 239 ]}
مالاوي	1964	انظر العلاقات بين مالاوي والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع مالاوي في 6 يوليو 1964. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ مالاوي بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 299 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى مالاوي من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في ليلونغوي . ^{[ 300 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة مالاوي من عام 1893 حتى عام 1964، عندما نالت مالاوي استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وعلى الصعيد الثنائي، تربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي. ^{[ 301 ]}
مالي	1961	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لمالي أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع مالي في 22 مارس 1961. ^{[ 113 ]} لا تحتفظ مالي بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى مالي من خلال سفارتها في باماكو . ^{[ 302 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
موريتانيا	1960	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لموريتانيا وزير الخارجية ويليام هيغ مع وزير الخارجية الموريتاني حمادي ولد حمادي في نواكشوط، أكتوبر 2011 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع موريتانيا في 28 نوفمبر 1960. ^{[ 136 ]} تحتفظ موريتانيا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 303 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى موريتانيا من خلال سفارتها في نواكشوط . ^{[ 304 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية. ^{[ 239 ]}
موريشيوس	1968	انظر العلاقات بين موريشيوس والمملكة المتحدة رئيسة الوزراء ليز تراس مع رئيس وزراء موريشيوس برافيند جوغناوث في اجتماع الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة في مدينة نيويورك ، سبتمبر 2022 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع موريشيوس في 12 مارس 1968. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ موريشيوس بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 305 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى موريشيوس من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في بورت لويس . ^{[ 306 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة موريشيوس من عام 1810 إلى عام 1968، عندما نالت موريشيوس استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، فضلاً عن اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين شرق وجنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . كما تربط الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي. ^{[ 307 ]}
المغرب	1956	انظر العلاقات المغربية البريطانية وزير الخارجية ديفيد لامي مع رئيس الوزراء المغربي ناصر بوريطة في الرباط، يونيو 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع المغرب في 28 يونيو 1956. ^{[ 113 ]} يحتفظ المغرب بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 308 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى المغرب من خلال سفارتها في الرباط . ^{[ 309 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية شراكة ثنائية ، ^{[ 310 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 311 ]}
موزمبيق	1975	انظر العلاقات بين موزمبيق والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء ديفيد كاميرون ووزير الخارجية ويليام هيغ مع رئيس موزمبيق أرماندو غيبوزا في مقر رئاسة الوزراء في 10 داونينج ستريت، مايو 2012 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع موزمبيق في 27 أغسطس 1975. ^{[ 164 ]} تحتفظ موزمبيق بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 312 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى موزمبيق من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في مابوتو . ^{[ 313 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى الاتحاد الجمركي لجنوب أفريقيا واتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين موزمبيق والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 227 ]} ولدى الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية، ^{[ 239 ]} وشراكة ازدهار رفيعة المستوى، ^{[ 221 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 314 ]}
ناميبيا	1990	انظر العلاقات بين ناميبيا والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع ناميبيا في عام 1990. تحتفظ ناميبيا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى ناميبيا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في ويندهوك . ^{[ 315 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين ساكوم والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 227 ]}
النيجر	1960	انظر العلاقات الخارجية للنيجر أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع النيجر في 6 أكتوبر 1960. ^{[ 134 ]} تحتفظ النيجر بقنصلية في ميلتون كينز . ^{[ 316 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى النيجر من خلال سفارتها في نيامي . ^{[ 317 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية. ^{[ 239 ]}
نيجيريا	1960	انظر العلاقات بين نيجيريا والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع الرئيس النيجيري بولا تينوبو في مقر رئاسة الوزراء في داونينج ستريت، مارس 2026 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع نيجيريا في 1 أكتوبر 1960. ^{[ 133 ]} تحتفظ نيجيريا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 318 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى نيجيريا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في أبوجا ، ومفوضيتها العليا الفرعية في لاغوس . ^{[ 319 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة نيجيريا من عام 1862 إلى عام 1960، عندما نالت نيجيريا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربطهما على الصعيد الثنائي شراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 320 ]} وشراكة معززة في التجارة والاستثمار، ^{[ 321 ]} واتفاقية استثمار، ^{[ 322 ]} وشراكة أمنية ودفاعية. ^{[ 323 ]}
جمهورية الكونغو	1960	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لجمهورية الكونغو أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جمهورية الكونغو في 9 ديسمبر 1960. ^{[ 134 ]} تحتفظ جمهورية الكونغو بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 324 ]} المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى جمهورية الكونغو من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال سفارتها في كينشاسا، جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية. ^{[ 325 ]} تشترك الدولتان في عضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربط الدولتين اتفاقية استثمار ثنائية. ^{[ 326 ]}
رواندا	1962	انظر العلاقات الرواندية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء ريشي سوناك مع الرئيس الرواندي بول كاغامي في مقر رئاسة الوزراء في داونينج ستريت، مايو 2023 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع رواندا في 1 يوليو 1962. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ رواندا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 327 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى رواندا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في كيغالي . ^{[ 328 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية. ^{[ 239 ]}
ساو تومي وبرينسيبي	1979	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لساو تومي وبرينسيبي أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع ساو تومي وبرينسيبي في 3 ديسمبر 1979. ^{[ 163 ]} لا تحتفظ ساو تومي وبرينسيبي بسفارة في المملكة المتحدة. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى ساو تومي وبرينسيبي من خلال سفارة؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال سفارتها في لواندا، أنغولا. ^{[ 329 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 330 ]} والأمم المتحدة .
السنغال	1960	انظر العلاقات السنغالية البريطانية وزير الخارجية ويليام هيغ مع وزير الخارجية السنغالي ماديكي نيانغ في لندن، نوفمبر 2010 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع السنغال في 20 يونيو 1960. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ السنغال بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 331 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى السنغال من خلال سفارتها في داكار . ^{[ 332 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقيات ثنائية للتعاون الدفاعي، ^{[ 333 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 334 ]} واتفاقية استثمار، ^{[ 335 ]} واتفاقية تعاون تقني. ^{[ 336 ]}
سيشل	1976	انظر العلاقات بين سيشل والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء ديفيد كاميرون مع رئيس وزراء سيشل جيمس ميشيل في مقر رئاسة الوزراء في داونينج ستريت رقم 10، فبراير 2012 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع سيشل في 29 يونيو 1976. ^{[ 167 ]} تحتفظ سيشل بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 337 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى سيشل من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في فيكتوريا . ^{[ 338 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة سيشل من عام 1811 إلى عام 1968، عندما نالت سيشل استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، فضلاً عن اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين شرق وجنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . كما تربط الدولتين شراكة أمنية اقتصادية ثنائية. ^{[ 339 ]}
سيراليون	1961	انظر العلاقات بين سيراليون والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع سيراليون في أبريل 1961. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ سيراليون بمفوضية عليا في لندن. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى سيراليون من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في فريتاون . ^{[ 340 ]} تشترك الدولتان في عضوية مشتركة في حلف التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 341 ]} والكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربط الدولتين اتفاقية استثمار ثنائية . ^[³⁴²^]
الصومال	1960	انظر العلاقات الصومالية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء بوريس جونسون مع رئيس الوزراء الصومالي محمد حسين روبلي في لندن، يوليو 2021 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع الصومال في 7 يوليو 1960. ^{[ 131 ]} لا يوجد للصومال سفارة في لندن. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى الصومال من خلال سفارتها في مقديشو . ^{[ 343 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة أرض الصومال من عام 1884 إلى عام 1940، ومن عام 1941 إلى عام 1960. ونالت أرض الصومال استقلالها الكامل في 26 يونيو 1960. كما حكمت المملكة المتحدة ما تبقى من أراضي الصومال الحديثة من عام 1941 إلى عام 1950، حتى أصبحت إقليمًا تحت الوصاية الإيطالية . وتوحدت هاتان المنطقتان في 1 يوليو 1960 لتشكلا الصومال. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة . وعلى الصعيد الثنائي، تربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} وشراكة استراتيجية. ^{[ 344 ]}
أرض الصومال	غير متوفر	انظر العلاقات بين أرض الصومال والمملكة المتحدة لم تقم المملكة المتحدة بإقامة علاقات دبلوماسية مع أرض الصومال ولا تعترف بها كدولة ذات سيادة. تحتفظ أرض الصومال ببعثة دبلوماسية في لندن. لا يوجد للمملكة المتحدة بعثة دبلوماسية في أرض الصومال. حكمت المملكة المتحدة أرض الصومال من عام 1884 إلى عام 1940 ومن عام 1941 إلى عام 1960. ونالت أرض الصومال استقلالها الكامل في 26 يونيو 1960. وأعلنت جمهورية أرض الصومال استقلالها عن الصومال في 18 مايو 1991.
جنوب أفريقيا	1931	انظر العلاقات بين جنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع رئيس جنوب أفريقيا سيريل رامافوزا في قمة مجموعة العشرين في جوهانسبرج، نوفمبر 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جنوب إفريقيا في 10 مارس 1931. ^{[ 108 ]} تحتفظ جنوب أفريقيا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 345 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى جنوب أفريقيا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في بريتوريا . ^{[ 346 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة جنوب إفريقيا من عام 1806 حتى عام 1931، عندما نالت جنوب إفريقيا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، ومجموعة العشرين ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين جنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 227 ]} ولدى الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي. ^{[ 347 ]}
جنوب السودان	2011	انظر العلاقات بين جنوب السودان والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية ويليام هيغ مع نائب رئيس جنوب السودان رياك مشار في لندن، يناير 2013 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جنوب السودان في 9 يوليو 2011. ^{[ 212 ]} تحتفظ جنوب السودان بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 348 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى جنوب السودان من خلال سفارتها في جوبا . ^{[ 349 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة جنوب السودان من عام 1899 إلى عام 1956، عندما نال السودان استقلاله الكامل. يتمتع البلدان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة . وعلى الصعيد الثنائي، تربط البلدين شراكة تنموية. ^{[ 239 ]}
السودان	1956	انظر العلاقات السودانية البريطانية أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع السودان في 3 مارس 1956. ^{[ 126 ]} تحتفظ السودان بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 350 ]} كانت المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى السودان من خلال سفارتها في الخرطوم . وبسبب معركة الخرطوم ، نُقلت السفارة مؤقتًا إلى أديس أبابا ونيروبي. ^{[ 351 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة السودان من عام 1899 إلى عام 1956، عندما نال السودان استقلاله الكامل. ^{[ 352 ]} يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة ومنظمة الصحة العالمية .
تنزانيا	1964	انظر العلاقات بين تنزانيا والمملكة المتحدة وزير الخارجية ديفيد لامي مع وزير الخارجية التنزاني محمود ثابت كومبو في قمة الكومنولث في أبيا، أكتوبر 2024 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع تنزانيا في 22 أبريل 1964. ^{[ 353 ]} تحتفظ تنزانيا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 354 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى تنزانيا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في دار السلام . ^{[ 355 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة تنجانيقا من عام 1916 إلى عام 1961، حين نالت تنجانيقا استقلالها الكامل؛ وحكمت زنجبار من عام 1890 إلى عام 1963، حين نالت زنجبار استقلالها الكامل. وتوحد البلدان في 26 أبريل 1964 ليشكلا تنزانيا. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربطهما شراكة تنموية ثنائية، ^{[ 239 ]} وشراكة ازدهار رفيعة المستوى. ^{[ 221 ]}
توغو	1960	انظر العلاقات بين توغو والمملكة المتحدة أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع توغو في 27 أبريل 1960. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ توغو بمفوضية عليا في لندن. المملكة المتحدة ليست معتمدة لدى توغو من خلال مفوضية عليا؛ بل تقوم المملكة المتحدة بتطوير العلاقات من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في أكرا، غانا. ^{[ 356 ]} احتلت المملكة المتحدة توغو من عام 1914 إلى عام 1916، عندما أصبحت توغو تحت الانتداب الفرنسي . يشترك البلدان في عضوية مشتركة في ميثاق التعاون الأطلسي، ^{[ 220 ]} والكومنولث والأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية .
تونس	1956	انظر العلاقات التونسية البريطانية وزير الخارجية ديفيد لامي مع وزير الخارجية التونسي محمد علي نفطي في تونس، يناير 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع تونس في 19 يونيو 1956. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ تونس بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 357 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى تونس من خلال سفارتها في تونس . ^{[ 358 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وعلى الصعيد الثنائي، تربط الدولتين اتفاقية شراكة ، ^{[ 359 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 360 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 361 ]}
أوغندا	1962	انظر العلاقات الأوغندية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع نائبة الرئيس الأوغندي جيسيكا ألوبو في قمة الكومنولث في أبيا، أكتوبر 2024 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع أوغندا في 9 أكتوبر 1962. ^{[ 142 ]} تحتفظ أوغندا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى أوغندا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في كمبالا . ^{[ 362 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة أوغندا من عام 1894 إلى عام 1962، عندما نالت أوغندا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربطهما شراكة تنموية ثنائية ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية استثمار ^{[ 363 ] .}
زامبيا	1964	انظر العلاقات بين المملكة المتحدة وزامبيا وزير الخارجية جيمس كليفرلي مع الرئيس الزامبي هاكيندي هيشيليما في لوساكا، أغسطس 2023 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع زامبيا في 17 أكتوبر 1964. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ زامبيا بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 364 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى زامبيا من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في لوساكا . ^{[ 365 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة زامبيا من عام 1911 إلى عام 1964، عندما نالت زامبيا استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 366 ]} واتفاقية شراكة الطاقة في أفريقيا، ^{[ 367 ]} وميثاق النمو الأخضر، ^{[ 368 ]} وقد وقعتا اتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 369 ]}
زيمبابوي	1980	انظر العلاقات بين المملكة المتحدة وزيمبابوي وزير الخارجية بوريس جونسون مع وزير خارجية زيمبابوي سيبوسيسو مويو في قمة الكومنولث في لندن، أبريل 2018 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع زيمبابوي في 18 أبريل 1980. ^{[ 163 ]} تحتفظ زيمبابوي بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 370 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى زيمبابوي من خلال سفارتها في هراري . ^{[ 371 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة زيمبابوي من عام 1923 إلى عام 1980، عندما نالت زيمبابوي استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية الشراكة الاقتصادية بين شرق وجنوب أفريقيا والمملكة المتحدة . ^{[ 241 ]} ولدى الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 372 ]} وقد وقعتا اتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 373 ]}

آسيا

دولة	منذ	ملحوظات
أفغانستان	1921	انظر العلاقات بين أفغانستان والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء ديفيد كاميرون مع الرئيس الأفغاني حامد كرزاي في كابول، يونيو 2010 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع أفغانستان في 22 نوفمبر 1921. ^{[ 103 ]} وتعترف المملكة المتحدة حاليًا بحكومة جمهورية أفغانستان الإسلامية ، بدلاً من حكومة إمارة أفغانستان الإسلامية بحكم الأمر الواقع ، باعتبارها الحاكم القانوني للبلاد. تحتفظ أفغانستان بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 374 ]} كانت المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى أفغانستان من خلال سفارتها في كابول . وبعد سقوط كابول ، تم نقل السفارة إلى موقع مشترك مع السفارة البريطانية في الدوحة ، قطر . ^{[ 375 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة أفغانستان من عام 1879 إلى عام 1919 ، عندما نالت أفغانستان استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية. ^{[ 239 ]}
أرمينيا	1992	انظر العلاقات بين أرمينيا والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع رئيس الوزراء الأرميني نيكول باشينيان في قمة الجماعة السياسية الأوروبية في يريفان، مايو 2026 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع أرمينيا في 20 يناير 1992. ^{[ 376 ]} تحتفظ أرمينيا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 377 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى أرمينيا من خلال سفارتها في يريفان . ^{[ 378 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في مجلس أوروبا ، والمحكمة الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، ومنظمة الأمن والتعاون في أوروبا ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 379 ]} واتفاقية استثمار، ^{[ 380 ]} وشراكة استراتيجية. ^{[ 381 ]}
أذربيجان	1992	انظر العلاقات بين أذربيجان والمملكة المتحدة رئيسة الوزراء تيريزا ماي مع الرئيس الأذربيجاني إلهام علييف في داونينج ستريت، أبريل 2018 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع أذربيجان في 11 مارس 1992. ^{[ 195 ]} تحتفظ أذربيجان بسفارة في لندن. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى أذربيجان من خلال سفارتها في باكو . ^{[ 382 ]} كلا البلدين عضوان في مجلس أوروبا ، والمحكمة الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان ، ومنظمة الأمن والتعاون في أوروبا ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية . ويربط البلدين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 383 ]} واتفاقية استثمار. ^{[ 384 ]}
البحرين	1971	انظر العلاقات بين البحرين والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع ولي العهد البحريني الأمير سلمان بن حمد آل خليفة في قصر الصخير في الزلاق ، أبريل 2026 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع البحرين في 21 أغسطس 1971. ^{[ 157 ]} تحتفظ البحرين بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 385 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى البحرين من خلال سفارتها في المنامة . ^{[ 386 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة البحرين من عام 1861 إلى عام 1971، عندما نالت استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية ، بالإضافة إلى اتفاقية التكامل الأمني والازدهار الشاملة بين البحرين والولايات المتحدة . ^{[ 387 ]} ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي. ^{[ 388 ]} وتتفاوض الدولتان حاليًا على اتفاقية تجارة حرة . ^{[ 389 ]}
بنغلاديش	1972	انظر العلاقات بين بنغلاديش والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء ديفيد كاميرون مع رئيسة وزراء بنغلاديش الشيخة حسينة في داونينج ستريت، يناير 2011 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع بنغلاديش في 4 فبراير 1972. ^{[ 159 ]} تحتفظ بنغلاديش بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 390 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى بنغلاديش من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في دكا . ^{[ 391 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة بنغلاديش من عام 1699 إلى عام 1947، عندما نالت استقلالها كجزء من باكستان . تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقيات ثنائية، منها شراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 392 ]} واتفاقية استثمار، ^{[ 393 ]} واتفاقية إعادة المهاجرين غير الشرعيين. ^{[ 394 ]}
بوتان	غير متوفر	انظر العلاقات الخارجية لبوتان وزير الخارجية هوغو سوير مع رئيس القضاة البوتاني سونام توبجي في لندن، فبراير 2013 لم تقم المملكة المتحدة بإقامة علاقات دبلوماسية مع بوتان ؛ ومع ذلك، فهي تعترف ببوتان كدولة ذات سيادة. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى بوتان من خلال مفوضيتها العليا الفرعية في كولكاتا ، الهند. ^{[ 395 ]} تعود العلاقات بين بوتان والمملكة المتحدة إلى القرن الثامن عشر ^{[ 396 ]} كلا البلدين عضوان في الأمم المتحدة ومنظمة الصحة العالمية .
بروناي	1984	انظر العلاقات بين بروناي والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع سلطنة بروناي حسن البلقية في داونينج ستريت، ديسمبر 2024 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع بروناي في 1 يناير 1984. ^{[ 179 ]} تحتفظ بروناي بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 397 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى بروناي من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في بندر سري بكاوان . ^{[ 398 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة بروناي من عام 1888 إلى عام 1984، عندما نالت بروناي استقلالها الكامل. ^{[ 399 ]} كلا البلدين عضوان في الكومنولث ، والاتفاقية الشاملة والتقدمية عبر المحيط الهادئ ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ويربط البلدين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي. ^{[ 400 ]}
إقليم المحيط الهندي البريطاني	غير متوفر	انظر الأقاليم البريطانية ما وراء البحار المملكة المتحدة مسؤولة عن العلاقات الخارجية لإقليم المحيط الهندي البريطاني باعتباره إقليمًا بريطانيًا ما وراء البحار . تُدار منطقة المحيط الهندي البريطانية من مكتب مفوضها في لندن. ^{[ 401 ]} تحكم المملكة المتحدة إقليم المحيط الهندي البريطاني منذ عام 1814. ^{[ 401 ]}
كمبوديا	1952	انظر العلاقات الكمبودية البريطانية وزير الخارجية ديفيد لامي مع وزير الشؤون الاجتماعية الكمبودي تشيا سوميثي في لندن، مارس 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع كمبوديا في 5 مايو 1952. ^{[ 123 ]} تحتفظ كمبوديا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 402 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى كمبوديا من خلال سفارتها في بنوم بنه . ^{[ 403 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربط الدولتين شراكة تنموية ثنائية. ^{[ 239 ]}
الصين	1954	انظر العلاقات الصينية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع الأمين العام للحزب الشيوعي الصيني شي جين بينغ في بكين، يناير 2026 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جمهورية الصين الشعبية في 17 يونيو 1954. ^{[ 124 ]} تحتفظ الصين بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 404 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى الصين من خلال سفارتها في بكين ، وقنصلياتها العامة في قوانغتشو وهونغ كونغ وشنغهاي . ^[⁴⁰⁵^] حكمت المملكة المتحدة أراضي هونغ كونغ من عام 1841 إلى عام 1941 ومن عام 1945 إلى عام 1997، وكذلك ويهايوي من عام 1898 إلى عام 1930. تشترك الدولتان في عضوية مجموعة العشرين ، ومجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة ، والدول الخمس الدائمة العضوية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية لتجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 406 ]} واتفاقية استثمار، ^{[ 407 ]} والإعلان الصيني البريطاني المشترك .
جورجيا	1992	انظر العلاقات بين جورجيا والمملكة المتحدة وزير الشؤون الأوروبية ديفيد ليدينغتون مع رئيس الوزراء الجورجي جيورجي كفيريكاشفيلي في لندن، نوفمبر 2015 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع جورجيا في 27 أبريل 1992. ^{[ 197 ]} تحتفظ جورجيا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 408 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى جورجيا من خلال سفارتها في تبليسي . ^{[ 409 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في مجلس أوروبا ، والمحكمة الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان ، والمحكمة الجنائية الدولية ، ومنظمة الأمن والتعاون في أوروبا ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية استثمار ثنائية، ^{[ 410 ]} واتفاقية شراكة وتعاون استراتيجي . ^{[ 411 ]}
هونغ كونغ	غير متوفر	انظر العلاقات بين هونغ كونغ والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء ديفيد كاميرون مع الرئيس التنفيذي لهونغ كونغ دونالد تسانغ في داونينغ ستريت، سبتمبر 2011 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية حديثة مع هونغ كونغ في 1 يوليو 1997. يتم تمثيل هونغ كونغ من خلال مكتبها الاقتصادي والتجاري في لندن. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى هونغ كونغ من خلال قنصليتها العامة في جزيرة هونغ كونغ . ^{[ 412 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة هونغ كونغ من عام 1841 إلى عام 1941 ومن عام 1945 إلى عام 1997، عندما تم التنازل عن سيادة هونغ كونغ لجمهورية الصين الشعبية . يشترك البلدان في عضوية منظمة التجارة العالمية . كما تربطهما اتفاقية استثمار ثنائية. ^{[ 413 ]}
الهند	1947	انظر العلاقات بين الهند والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع رئيس الوزراء الهندي ناريندرا مودي في مومباي، أكتوبر 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع الهند في 14 أغسطس 1947. ^{[ 113 ]} تحتفظ الهند بمفوضية عليا في لندن. ^{[ 414 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى الهند من خلال مفوضيتها العليا في نيودلهي ، بالإضافة إلى مفوضياتها العليا الفرعية في أحمد آباد ، وبنغالور ، وشانديغار ، وتشيناي ، وحيدر آباد ، وكلكتا ، ومومباي ، ومكتب مساعدة المواطنين في غوا . ^{[ 415 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة الهند من عام 1858 إلى عام 1947، عندما نالت استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الكومنولث ، ومجموعة العشرين ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية اقتصادية وتجارية شاملة ، وشراكة استراتيجية شاملة، ^{[ 414 ]} وشراكة تنموية. ^{[ 239 ]}
أندونيسيا	1949	انظر العلاقات الإندونيسية البريطانية أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع إندونيسيا في 27 ديسمبر 1949. ^{[ 119 ]} تحتفظ إندونيسيا بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 416 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى إندونيسيا من خلال سفارتها في جاكرتا ، بالإضافة إلى قنصلية فخرية في بالي . ^{[ 417 ]} تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في مجموعة العشرين ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربطهما على الصعيد الثنائي شراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية تجنب الازدواج الضريبي، ^{[ 418 ]} واتفاقية استثمار، ^{[ 419 ]} وشراكة استراتيجية. ^{[ 420 ]}
إيران	1807	انظر العلاقات الإيرانية البريطانية رئيسة الوزراء تيريزا ماي مع الرئيس الإيراني حسن روحاني في اجتماع الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة في مدينة نيويورك، سبتمبر 2016 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع إيران في 5 يونيو 1807. ^{[ 55 ]} تحتفظ إيران بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 421 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى إيران من خلال سفارتها في طهران . ^{[ 422 ]} كلا البلدين عضوان في الأمم المتحدة ومنظمة الصحة العالمية . ويربط البلدين اتفاقية نقل جوي ثنائية. ^{[ 423 ]}
العراق	1932	انظر العلاقات العراقية البريطانية رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع الرئيس العراقي محمد شيعة السوداني في داونينج ستريت، يناير 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع العراق في 4 أكتوبر 1932. ^{[ 109 ]} يحتفظ العراق بسفارة في لندن. المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى العراق من خلال سفارتها في بغداد . ^{[ 424 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة العراق من عام 1921 حتى عام 1932، عندما نال استقلاله الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في الأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . وتربطهما شراكة تنموية، ^{[ 239 ]} واتفاقية شراكة وتعاون، ^{[ 425 ]} وشراكة استراتيجية. ^{[ 426 ]}
إسرائيل	1948	انظر العلاقات بين إسرائيل والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع الرئيس الإسرائيلي إسحاق هرتسوغ في مقر رئاسة الوزراء في داونينج ستريت، سبتمبر 2025 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع إسرائيل في عام 1950. ^{[ 427 ]} تحتفظ إسرائيل بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 427 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى إسرائيل من خلال سفارتها في تل أبيب . ^{[ 428 ]} حكمت المملكة المتحدة إسرائيل من عام 1921 حتى عام 1948، عندما نالت استقلالها الكامل. تتمتع الدولتان بعضوية مشتركة في منظمة التعاون الاقتصادي والتنمية ، والأمم المتحدة ، ومنظمة الصحة العالمية ، ومنظمة التجارة العالمية . ولدى الدولتين اتفاقية ثنائية للتجارة والشراكة ، ^{[ 429 ]} واتفاقية رعاية صحية متبادلة، ^{[ 430 ]} وشراكة استراتيجية. ^{[ 431 ]} وتجري الدولتان حاليًا مفاوضات بشأن اتفاقية تجارة حرة جديدة . ^{[ 432 ]}
اليابان	1858	انظر العلاقات بين اليابان والمملكة المتحدة رئيس الوزراء كير ستارمر مع رئيسة الوزراء اليابانية ساناي تاكايشي في طوكيو، يناير 2026 أقامت المملكة المتحدة علاقات دبلوماسية مع اليابان في 26 أغسطس 1858. ^{[ 80 ]} تحتفظ اليابان بسفارة في لندن. ^{[ 433 ]} المملكة المتحدة معتمدة لدى اليابان من خلال سفارتها في طوكيو . ^{[ 434 ]} Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, CPTPP, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, a Double Taxation Convention,^[435] and a Reciprocal Access Agreement.
Jordan	1946	See Jordan–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Jordanian King Abdullah II in 10 Downing Street, February 2026 The UK established diplomatic relations with Jordan on 17 June 1946.^[109] Jordan maintains an embassy in London.^[436] The United Kingdom is accredited to Jordan through its embassy in Amman.^[437] The UK governed Jordan from 1921 until 1946, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have an Association Agreement,^[438] a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Convention,^[439] and a Strategic Partnership.^[440]
Kazakhstan	1992	See Kazakhstan–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev at COP29 in Baku, November 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Kazakhstan on 19 January 1992.^[188] Kazakhstan maintains an embassy in London.^[441] The UK is accredited to Kazakhstan through its embassy in Astana.^[442] Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Convention,^[443] an Investment Agreement,^[444] and a Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.^[445]
Kuwait	1961	See Kuwait–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Crown Prince of Kuwait Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Kuwait on 8 November 1961.^[113] Kuwait maintains an embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Kuwait through its embassy in Kuwait City.^[446] The UK governed Kuwait from 1899 to 1961, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have signed an Investment Agreement.^[447] The UK and the Gulf Cooperation Council, of which Kuwait is a member, are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.
Kyrgyzstan	1992	See Kyrgyzstan–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Cameron with Foreign Minister Jeenbek Kulubayev in Bishkek, April 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Kyrgyzstan on 12 June 1992.^[198] Kyrgyzstan maintains an embassy in London.^[448] The UK is accredited to Kyrgyzstan through its embassy in Bishkek.^[449] Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[450] and an Investment Agreement.^[451]
Laos	1955	See Laos–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Lao Foreign Minister Saleumxay Kommasith in Vientiane, July 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Laos on 5 September 1955.^[125] Laos maintains an embassy in London.^[452] The UK is accredited to Laos through its embassy in Vientiane.^[453] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[454]
Lebanon	1942	See Lebanon–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Lebanese Prime Minister Najib Mikati in 10 Downing Street, October 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Lebanon on 9 February 1942.^[112] Lebanon maintains an embassy in London.^[455] The UK is accredited to Lebanon through its embassy in Beirut.^[456] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have an Association Agreement,^[457] and a Development Partnership.^[239]
Macao	N/A	See Foreign relations of Macao The UK established modern diplomatic relations with Macao on 20 December 1999. Macao does not maintain a diplomatic mission in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Macao through a diplomatic mission; the UK develops relations through its Consulate General in Hong Kong.^[458] Both share common membership of the World Trade Organization.
Malaysia	1957	See Malaysia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim in 10 Downing Street, January 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Malaysia on 31 August 1957.^[127] Malaysia maintains a high commission in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to the Malaysia through its high commission in Kuala Lumpur.^[459] The UK governed the Malaysia from 1826 to 1942 and 1945 to 1957, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, CPTPP, the Five Power Defence Arrangements, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[460] and an Investment Agreement.^[461]
Maldives	1965	See Maldives–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu at COP29 in Baku, November 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with the Maldives on 26 July 1965.^[147] The Maldives maintains a high commission in London.^[462] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Maldives through its high commission in Malé.^[463] The UK governed the Maldives from 1796 to 1965, when the Maldives achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Both countries are currently negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.^[464]
Mongolia	1963	See Mongolia–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Cameron with Mongolian Foreign Minister Battsetseg Batmunkh in Ulaanbaatar, April 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Mongolia on 23 January 1963.^[144] Mongolia maintains an embassy in London.^[465] The United Kingdom is accredited to Mongolia through its embassy in Ulaanbaatar.^[466] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Air Services Agreement,^[467] a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[468] and an Investment Agreement.^[469]
Myanmar	1947	See Myanmar–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Myanmar State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi in 10 Downing Street, September 2016 The UK established diplomatic relations with Myanmar on 7 July 1947.^[116] Myanmar maintains an embassy in London.^[470] The United Kingdom is accredited to Myanmar through its embassy in Yangon.^[471] The UK governed Myanmar from 1824 to 1942 and 1945 to 1948, when Myanmar achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] and a Double Taxation Agreement.^[472]
Nepal	1816	See Nepal–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Nepali Prime Minister K. P. Sharma Oli at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2018 The UK established diplomatic relations with Nepal on 4 March 1816.^[56]^[57] Nepal maintains an embassy in London.^[473] The United Kingdom is accredited to Nepal through its embassy in Kathmandu.^[474] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] and an Investment Agreement.^[475]
North Korea	2000	See North Korea–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with North Korea on 12 December 2000.^[207] North Korea maintains an embassy in London.^[476] The United Kingdom is accredited to North Korea through its embassy in Pyongyang.^[477] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations.
Oman	1971	See Oman–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Omani Sultanate Haitham bin Tariq in 10 Downing Street, August 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Oman on 21 May 1971.^[156] Oman maintains an embassy in London.^[478] The United Kingdom is accredited to Oman through its embassy in Muscat.^[479] The UK governed Oman from 1891 until 1951, when Oman achieved full independence.^[480] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Comprehensive Agreement on Enduring Friendship and Bilateral Cooperation,^[481] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[482] an Investment Agreement,^[483] and a Mutual Defence Agreement.^[484] Both countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.^[389]
Pakistan	1947	See Pakistan–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Pakistan on 14 August 1947.^[485] Pakistan maintains a high commission in London.^[486] The United Kingdom is accredited to Pakistan through its high commission in Islamabad, as well as a deputy high commission in Karachi.^[487] The UK governed Pakistan from 1824 to 1947, when Pakistan achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Convention,^[488] and an Investment Agreement.^[489]
Palestine	2026	See Palestine–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas in 10 Downing Street, October 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Palestine on 5 January 2026.^[213] Palestine maintains a embassy in London.^[213] The United Kingdom is not accredited to Palestine through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its Consulate General in Jerusalem, Israel.^[490] The UK governed Palestine from 1921 until 1948, when it achieved full independence. Both countries are members of the International Criminal Court and the United Nations. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] and a Political, Trade and Partnership Agreement.
Philippines	1946	See Philippines–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Filipino Foreign Affairs Secretary Tess Lazaro in Kuala Lumpur, July 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with the Philippines on 4 July 1946.^[114] The Philippines maintains an embassy in London.^[114] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Philippines through its embassy in Manila.^[491] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[492]
Qatar	1972	See Qatar–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Qatari Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani in Doha, April 2026 The UK established diplomatic relations with Qatar on 24 May 1972.^[160] Qatar maintains an embassy in London.^[493] The United Kingdom is accredited to Qatar through its embassy in Doha.^[494] The UK governed Qatar from 1916 to 1971, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Climate Technology Partnership,^[495] a Security Pact,^[496] a Strategic Investment Partnership,^[497] and have signed an Investment Agreement.^[498] The two countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.
Saudi Arabia	1927	See Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in Jeddah, April 2026 The UK established diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia on 20 May 1927.^[499] Saudi Arabia maintains an embassy in London.^[500] The United Kingdom is accredited to Saudi Arabia through its embassy in Riyadh, as well as a consulate general in Jeddah.^[501] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Critical Minerals Partnership,^[502] a Defence Agreement,^[503] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[504] and a Strategic Partnership.^[505] Both countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.^[389]
Singapore	1965	See Singapore–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Singapore on 9 August 1965.^[148] Singapore maintains a high commission in London.^[506] The United Kingdom is accredited to Singapore through its high commission in Singapore.^[507] The UK governed the Singapore from 1819 to 1942 and 1946 to 1963, when Singapore achieved independence within Malaysia. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, CPTPP, the Five Power Defence Arrangements, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Digital Economy Agreement,^[508] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[509] a Free Trade Agreement,^[510] and an Investment Agreement.^[511]
South Korea	1949	See South Korea–United Kingdom relations South Korean President Lee Jae-myung with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer at a G7 summit in Kananaskis, June 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with South Korea on 18 January 1949.^[118] South Korea maintains an embassy in London.^[512] The United Kingdom is accredited to South Korea through its embassy in Seoul.^[513] Both countries share common membership of the G20, the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[514] the Downing Street Accord,^[515] and a Trade Agreement.^[516] The two countries are negotiating a new Free Trade Agreement.^[517]
Sri Lanka	1946	See Sri Lanka–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Sri Lanka on 22 October 1946.^[115] Sri Lanka maintains a high commission in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Sri Lanka through its high commission in Colombo.^[518] The UK governed Sri Lanka from 1802 to 1948, until it achieved full independence as Ceylon. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[519]
Syria	1942	See Syria–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Starmer with Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa in 10 Downing Street, March 2026 The UK re-established diplomatic relations with Syria on 5 July 2025.^[520] Syria's embassy in London remains closed despite the re-establishment of diplomatic relations.^[521] The UK 's embassy in Damascus is currently closed with all consular operations suspended.^[522] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Development Partnership.^[239]
Taiwan	N/A	See Taiwan–United Kingdom relations The UK has not established formal diplomatic relations with Taiwan; it does not recognise Taiwan as a sovereign nation. Taiwan maintains the Taipei Representative Office in London, in addition to a branch office in Edinburgh.^[523] The United Kingdom is accredited to Taiwan through its office in Taipei.^[524] In 1950, the UK switched its recognition from the Republic of China (ROC) to the People's Republic of China (PRC).^[523] Both countries share common membership of the World Trade Organization.
Tajikistan	1992	See Tajikistan–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Cameron with Tajikistani Foreign Minister Sirojiddin Muhriddin in Dushanbe, April 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Tajikistan on 15 January 1992.^[186] Tajikistan maintains an embassy in London.^[525] The UK is accredited to Tajikistan embassy in Dushanbe.^[526] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] and a Double Taxation Agreement.^[527]
Thailand	1855	See Thailand–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Thai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha in 10 Downing Street, June 2018 The UK established diplomatic relations with Thailand on 18 April 1855.^[79] Thailand maintains an embassy in London.^[528] The UK is accredited to Thailand through its embassy in Bangkok.^[529] Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization.
Timor-Leste	2002	See Timor-Leste–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with President of Timor-Leste José Ramos-Horta in London, April 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Timor-Leste in 2002.^[208] Timor-Leste maintains an embassy in London.^[530] The United Kingdom is accredited to Timor-Leste from its embassy in Jakarta; there is no British embassy in Timor-Leste.^[531] On 29 February 2024, the UK announced its intentions to reopen an embassy in Dili.^[119] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization.
Turkey	1924	See Turkey–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Ankara, October 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Turkey on 2 September 1924.^[105] Turkey maintains an embassy in London, and consulates generals in Edinburgh, London and Manchester.^[105] The United Kingdom is accredited to Turkey through its embassy in Ankara, a consulate general in Istanbul, and an honorary vice consulate in Antalya. The United Kingdom also has a consulate in İzmir, and honorary consulates in Bodrum, Fethiye, and Marmaris.^[532] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the G20, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[533] an Investment Agreement,^[534] and a Trade Agreement.^[535] Both countries are negotiating a new Free Trade Agreement.
Turkmenistan	1992	See Turkmenistan–United Kingdom relations Turkmenistani Finance Minister Batyr Bazarov at a Trade & Industry Council meeting in London, January 2018 The UK established diplomatic relations with Turkmenistan on 23 January 1992.^[190] Turkmenistan maintains an embassy in London.^[536] The UK is accredited to Turkmenistan through its embassy in Ashgabat.^[537] Both countries share common membership of the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Health Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Convention,^[538] and an Investment Agreement.^[539]
United Arab Emirates	1971	See United Arab Emirates–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer in Abu Dhabi, December 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with the United Arab Emirates on 6 December 1971.^[158] The United Arab Emirates maintains an embassy in London.^[540] The United Kingdom is accredited to the United Arab Emirates through its embassies in Abu Dhabi and Dubai.^[541]^[542] The UK governed the United Arab Emirates from 1920 to 1971, when the United Arab Emirates achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Accord,^[543] an Investment Agreement,^[544] and a Partnership for the Future.^[545] Both countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.^[389]
Uzbekistan	1992	See United Kingdom–Uzbekistan relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Uzbek Foreign Minister Bakhtiyor Saidov at COP29 in Baku, November 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Uzbekistan on 18 February 1992.^[194] Uzbekistan maintains an embassy in London.^[546] The United Kingdom is accredited to Uzbekistan through its embassy in Tashkent.^[547] Both countries are members of the OSCE and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[548] and a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.^[549]
Vietnam	1973	See United Kingdom–Vietnam relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Tô Lâm in 10 Downing Street, October 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Vietnam on 11 September 1973.^[162] Vietnam maintains an embassy in London.^[550] The UK is accredited to Vietnam through its embassy in Hanoi, and a Consulate General in Ho Chi Minh City.^[551] Both countries are members of CPTPP, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership,^[552] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[553] a Free Trade Agreement,^[554] and an Investment Agreement.^[555]
Yemen	1951	See United Kingdom–Yemen relations Foreign Secretary David Cameron with Yemeni Prime Minister Ahmad Awad bin Mubarak in London, May 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Yemen on 24 October 1951.^[556] Yemen maintains an embassy in London.^[557] The United Kingdom is accredited to Yemen through its embassy in Sanaa.^[558] The UK governed the Yemen from 1837 to 1967, when it achieved full independence as South Yemen. Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] and an Investment Agreement.^[559]

Europe

Country	Since	Notes
Albania	1921	See Albania–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Albanian President Bajram Begaj in Tirana, May 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Albania on 9 November 1921.^[102] Albania maintains an embassy in London.^[560] The United Kingdom is accredited to Albania through its embassy in Tirana.^[561] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[562] an Investment Agreement,^[563] a Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement,^[564] a Readmission Agreement,^[102] and an Agreement on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons.^[102]
Andorra	1994	See Andorra–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Andorra on 9 March 1994.^[204] Andorra does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Andorra through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its Consulate General in Barcelona, Spain.^[565] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Health Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[566]
Austria	1799	See Austria–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Austrian Prime Minister Christian Stocker at a Western Balkans Summit in Lancaster House, October 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Austria on 8 November 1919.^[100] Austria maintains an embassy in London.^[567] The United Kingdom is accredited to Austria through its embassy in Vienna.^[568] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[569]
Belarus	1992	See Belarus–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Belarus on 27 January 1992.^[191] Belarus maintains an embassy in London.^[570] The United Kingdom is accredited to Belarus through its embassy in Minsk.^[571] Both countries are members of the OSCE and the United Nations. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[572] and an Investment Agreement.^[573]
Belgium	1830	See Belgium–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Belgian Prime Minister Bart De Wever in 10 Downing Street, December 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Belgium on 1 December 1830.^[66] Belgium maintains an embassy in London.^[574] The United Kingdom is accredited to Belgium through its embassy in Brussels.^[575] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[576] the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Classified Information Protection Agreement,^[577] a Double Taxation Convention,^[578] and a Maritime Cooperation Agreement.^[579]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1992	See Bosnia and Herzegovina–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Bosnian Foreign Minister Elmedin Konaković in Sarajevo, May 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina on 13 April 1992.^[196] Bosnia and Herzegovina maintains an embassy in London.^[580] The United Kingdom is accredited to Bosnia and Herzegovina through its embassy in Sarajevo.^[581] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the OSCE. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[582] an Investment Agreement,^[583] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Bulgaria	1879	See Bulgaria–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Bulgarian Prime Minister Rosen Zhelyazkov at a Western Balkans Summit in Lancaster House, October 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Bulgaria on 23 July 1879.^[84] Bulgaria maintains an embassy in London.^[84] The United Kingdom is accredited to Bulgaria through its embassy in Sofia.^[584] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement,^[585] and a Strategic Partnership.^[586]
Croatia	1992	See Croatia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Croatian President Andrej Plenković in Downing Street, February 2020 The UK established diplomatic relations with Croatia on 24 June 1992.^[199] Croatia maintains an embassy in London.^[587] The United Kingdom is accredited to Croatia through its embassy in Zagreb.^[588] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[589] and an Investment Agreement.^[590]
Cyprus	1960	See Cyprus–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Cypriot President Nikos Christodoulides in Downing Street, October 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Cyprus on 1 October 1960.^[132] The UK is a "guarantor power" of Cyprus's independence. Cyprus maintains a high commission in London, and honorary consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Bristol, Dunblane, Glasgow, and Leeds.^[591] The United Kingdom is accredited to Cyprus through its high commission in Nicosia.^[592] The UK governed Cyprus from 1878 until 1960, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Commonwealth, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.^[593]
Czech Republic	1918	See Czech Republic–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Czech Prime Minister Petr Fiala at a European Political Community summit in 10 Downing Street, July 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with the Czech Republic on 26 October 1918.^[98] The Czech Republic maintains an embassy in London.^[594] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Czech Republic through its embassy in Prague.^[595] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[596]
Denmark	1401	See Denmark–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen in 10 Downing Street, February 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Denmark on 25 October 1401.^[48] Denmark maintains an embassy in London.^[597] The United Kingdom is accredited to Denmark through its embassy in Copenhagen.^[598] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[599] and a Voting Participation Agreement.^[600]
Estonia	1991	See Estonia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Estonian Prime Minister Kristen Michal at a JEF summit in Tallinn, December 2024 The UK re-established diplomatic relations with Estonia on 5 September 1991.^[182] Estonia maintains an embassy in London.^[182] The United Kingdom is accredited to Estonia through its embassy in Tallinn.^[601] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Agreement,^[602] and a Double Taxation Agreement.^[603]
European Union	N/A	See European Union–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen in Brussels, October 2024 The UK was a founding member of the European Union on 1 November 1993; it seceded on 1 January 2021.^[604] Relations between the two are governed by the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement. Both the EU and the UK share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the G7, the G20, and the World Trade Organization.
Faroe Islands	N/A	See Faroe Islands–United Kingdom relations Foreign Office Minister Lord Howell with Faroese Prime Minister Kaj Leo Johannesen in London, April 2012 The UK maintains relations with the Faroe Islands through its relations with Denmark. The Faroe Islands maintains a representation in London.^[605] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Faroe Islands through its consulate in Tórshavn.^[606] The UK occupied Faroe Islands from 1940 until 1945, when the Faroe Islands were returned to Denmark. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[607] and a Free Trade Agreement.^[608]
Finland	1919	See Finland–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Finnish President Alexander Stubb in Downing Street, March 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Finland on 28 March 1919.^[97] Finland maintains an embassy in London and honorary consulates in Aberdeen, Belfast, Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff, Dover, Dundee, Edinburgh, Gibraltar, Glasgow, Hamilton, Harwich, Hull, Immingham, Leeds, Lerwick, Liverpool, Manchester, Middlesbrough, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, Nottingham, Plymouth, Rochester, Sheffield, Southampton and St Helier.^[609] The United Kingdom has an embassy in Helsinki and honorary consulates in Åland, Jyväskylä, Kotka, Kuopio, Oulu, Rovaniemi, Turku, Tampere and Vaasa.^[610] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a mutual defence agreement,^[611] and a strategic partnership agreement.^[612]
France	1396	See France–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with French President Emmanuel Macron in 10 Downing Street, January 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with France in 1396.^[47] France maintains an embassy in London, and consulates general in London and Edinburgh.^[613] The United Kingdom is accredited to France through its embassy in Paris, and consulates in Bordeaux and Marseille.^[614] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have the Combined Joint Expeditionary Force, a Double Taxation Convention,^[615] the Lancaster House Treaties, and Maritime Boundary Agreements in the Caribbean and the Pacific.
Germany	1951	See Germany–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz in Stevenage, July 2025. The UK established diplomatic relations with the Federal Republic of Germany on 20 June 1951.^[122] Germany maintains an embassy in London.^[616] The United Kingdom is accredited to an embassy in Berlin, and consulates generals in Düsseldorf and Munich.^[617] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[618] and the Kensington Treaty.^[619]
Gibraltar	N/A	See Gibraltar–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Gibraltarian Chief Minister Fabian Picardo in Brussels, September 2024 The UK is responsible for Gibraltar's foreign relations as a British Overseas Territory. Gibraltar maintains a representative office in London.^[620] The United Kingdom is accredited to Gibraltar through its Governer's Office in The Convent.^[621] The UK has governed Gibraltar since 1704. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[622] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Greece	1834	See Greece–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis in Downing Street, December 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Greece in 1834.^[623] Greece maintains an embassy in London, and honorary consulates in Belfast, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Gibraltar, Glasgow, and Leeds.^[623] The United Kingdom is accredited to Greece through its embassy in Athens, and vice consulates in Corfu, Crete, Rhodes, Thessaloniki, and Zakynthos.^[624] The UK governed the Ionian Islands from 1815 to 1864, when they were ceded to Greece. Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence and Security Agreement,^[625] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[626] and a Strategic Bilateral Framework.^[627]
Guernsey	N/A	See Crown Dependencies The UK is responsible for the foreign relations of Guernsey as a Crown Dependency. The UK has governed Guernsey since 1204. Both countries share common membership of the Crown Dependencies Customs Union. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[628] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Holy See	1982	See Holy See–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister David Cameron with Pope Benedict XVI in 10 Downing Street, September 2010 The UK established diplomatic relations with the Holy See on 16 January 1982.^[177] The Holy See maintains an apostolic nunciature in London.^[629] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Holy See through its embassy in Rome.^[a]^[630] Both countries share common membership of the OSCE.
Hungary	1921	See Hungary–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán in 10 Downing Street, May 2021 The UK established diplomatic relations with Hungary on 22 May 1921.^[101] Hungary maintains an embassy in London.^[631] The United Kingdom is accredited to Hungary through its embassy in Budapest.^[632] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[633]
Iceland	1940	See Iceland–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Icelandic Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir in 10 Downing Street, May 2019 The UK established diplomatic relations with Iceland on 8 May 1940.^[111] Iceland maintains an embassy in London.^[634] The United Kingdom is accredited to Iceland through its embassy in Reykjavík.^[635] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the Coalition of the Willing, Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, Joint Expeditionary Force, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[636] and a Free Trade Agreement.^[637]
Ireland	1922	See Ireland–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Taoiseach Micheál Martin in Chequers, September 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Ireland on 6 December 1922.^[104] Ireland maintains an embassy in London.^[638] The United Kingdom is accredited to Ireland through its an embassy in Dublin.^[639] The UK governed Ireland from the 12th century until 1922, when the Republic of Ireland achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,^[220] the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Common Travel Area and the Good Friday Agreement. The two countries have a sovereignty dispute over the Rockall Bank.
Isle of Man	N/A	See Crown Dependencies The UK is responsible for the foreign relations of the Isle of Man as a Crown Dependency. The UK has governed the Isle of Man since 1399. Both countries share common membership of the Crown Dependencies Customs Union. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[640] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Italy	1859	See Italy–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni in Rome, September 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Italy on 13 April 1859.^[82] Italy maintains an embassy in London.^[641] The United Kingdom is accredited to Italy through its embassy in Rome, and a consulate general in Milan.^[642] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, G7, G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have an Export and Investment Partnership,^[643] and a Double Taxation Convention.^[644]
Jersey	N/A	See Crown Dependencies Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Jersey Chief Minister John Le Fondré in 10 Downing Street, November 2021 The UK is responsible for Jersey's foreign relations as a Crown Dependency. The UK has governed the Jersey since 1204. Both countries share common membership of the Crown Dependencies Customs Union. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[645] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Kosovo	2008	See Kosovo–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper with Kosovan Prime Minister Albin Kurti in London, October 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Kosovo on 18 February 2008.^[211] Kosovo maintains an embassy in London.^[646] The United Kingdom is accredited to Kosovo through its embassy in Pristina.^[647] Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,^[648] a Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement,^[649] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Latvia	1991	See Latvia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Latvian Prime Minister Evika Siliņa at a European Political Community summit in Blenheim Palace, July 2024 The UK re-established diplomatic relations with Latvia on 5 September 1991.^[183] Latvia maintains an embassy in London.^[650] The United Kingdom is accredited to Latvia through its embassy in Riga.^[651] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[652]
Liechtenstein	1992	See Liechtenstein–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Liechtensteiner Prime Minister Daniel Risch at a European Political Community summit in Blenheim Palace, July 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Liechtenstein on 6 February 1992.^[193] Liechtenstein does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Liechtenstein through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Bern, Switzerland.^[653] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[654] a Free Trade Agreement, a Separation Agreement, a Social Security Coordination Convention, and a Trade Agreement.^[655]
Lithuania	1991	See Lithuania–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Liz Truss with Lithuanian President Gitanas Nauseda at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2022 The UK re-established diplomatic relations with Lithuania on 4 September 1991.^[181] Lithuania maintains an embassy in London.^[656] The United Kingdom is accredited to Lithuania through its embassy in Vilnius.^[657] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[658]
Luxembourg	1891	See Luxembourg–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Luxembourgish Prime Minister Luc Frieden at a European Political Community summit in Blenheim Palace, July 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Luxembourg on 8 June 1891.^[87] Luxembourg maintains an embassy in London.^[659] The United Kingdom is accredited to Luxembourg through its embassy in Luxembourg City.^[660] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[661]
Malta	1964	See Malta–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Maltese President George Vella in 10 Downing Street, March 2020 The UK established diplomatic relations with Malta on 7 September 1964.^[113] Malta maintains a high commission in London.^[662] The United Kingdom is accredited to Malta through its high commission in Valletta.^[663] The UK governed Malta from 1800 until 1964, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Bilateral Cooperation Framework,^[664] and a Double Taxation Convention.^[665]
Moldova	1992	See Moldova–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary James Cleverly with Moldovan President Maia Sandu in Church House, May 2023 The UK established diplomatic relations with Moldova on 17 January 1992.^[187] Moldova maintains an embassy in London.^[666] The United Kingdom is accredited to Moldova through its embassy in Chişinău.^[667] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[239] a Double Taxation Convention,^[668] and a Strategic Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement.^[669]
Monaco	2007	See Monaco–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Monégasque State Minister Pierre Dartout at a European Political Community summit in Blenheim Palace, July 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Monaco on 21 September 2007.^[210] Monaco maintains an embassy in London.^[670] The United Kingdom is not accredited to Monaco through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Paris, France.^[671] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the OSCE, and the United Nations. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.^[672]
Montenegro	2006	See Montenegro–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Montenegrin Prime Minister Milojko Spajić at a Western Balkans Summit in Lancaster House, October 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Montenegro on 13 June 2006.^[209] Montenegro maintains an embassy in London.^[209] The United Kingdom is accredited to Montenegro through its embassy in Podgorica.^[673] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[674] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Netherlands	1603	See Netherlands–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Dutch Prime Minister Rob Jetten in 10 Downing Street, April 2026 The UK established diplomatic relations with the Netherlands on 1 April 1603.^[53] The Netherlands maintains an embassy in London.^[675] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Netherlands through its embassy in The Hague.^[676] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[677]
North Macedonia	1993	See North Macedonia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with North Macedonian Prime Minister Hristijan Mickoski at a European Political Community summit in Tirana, May 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with North Macedonia on 16 December 1993.^[203] North Macedonia maintains an embassy in London.^[678] The United Kingdom is accredited to North Macedonia through its embassy in Skopje.^[679] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement.^[680]
Norway	1905	See Norway–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre in 10 Downing Street, December 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Norway on 6 November 1905.^[92] Norway maintains an embassy in London, and an honoury consulate general in Edinburgh.^[681] The United Kingdom is accredited to Norway through its embassy in Oslo.^[682] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Free Trade Agreement,^[637] a Green Partnership,^[683] and a Strategic Partnership Agreement.^[684]
Poland	1919	See Poland–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk in Warsaw, January 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Poland on 15 July 1919.^[99] Poland maintains an embassy in London.^[99] The United Kingdom is accredited to Poland through its embassy in Warsaw.^[685] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, OECD, OSCE, Trilateral Security Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence and Security Agreement,^[686] a Double Tax Convention,^[687] and a Strategic Partnership.^[688]
Portugal	1386	See Portugal–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Portuguese Prime Minister António Costa in 10 Downing Street, June 2022 The UK established diplomatic relations with Portugal on 9 May 1386.^[689] Portugal maintains an embassy and a consulate general in London and consulates in Belfast, Edinburgh, Hamilton, and St Helier.^[690]^[691] The United Kingdom is accredited to Portugal through its embassy in Lisbon, and a vice consulate in Portimão.^[692] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and a Double Taxation Convention.^[693]
Romania	1880	See Romania–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Romanian Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu in 10 Downing Street, November 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Romania on 20 February 1880.^[85] Romania maintains an embassy in London, and consulates general in Edinburgh and Manchester. Romania also maintains honorary consulates in Hirwaun, Leeds, Morpeth-Newcastle and Southampton.^[694] The United Kingdom is accredited to Romania through its embassy in Bucharest.^[695] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Agreement,^[696] and a Double Taxation Convention.^[697]
Russia	1553	See Russia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Hangzhou, September 2016 The UK established diplomatic relations with Russia on 24 August 1553.^[51] Russia maintains an embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Russia through its embassy in Moscow, and a consulate in Yekaterinburg.^[698] In March 2022, the United Kingdom was added to Russia's unfriendly countries list.^[699] Both countries share common membership of the European Court of Human Rights, G20, the OSCE, the UNSC P5 and the United Nations. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[700]
San Marino	1998	See San Marino–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with San Marino on 18 November 1998.^[206] San Marino does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to San Marino through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Rome, Italy.^[701] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Health Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention and a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.^[702]
Serbia	1870	See Serbia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Serbian Prime Minister Đuro Macut at a Western Balkans Summit in Lancaster House, October 2025 The UK established full diplomatic relations with Serbia on 7 February 1870.^[83] Serbia maintains an embassy in London.^[703] The United Kingdom is accredited to Serbia through its embassy in Belgrade.^[704] Both countries are members of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the OSCE, and the United Nations. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[705] an Investment Agreement,^[706] a Partnership, Trade and Cooperation Agreement,^[707] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Slovakia	1993	See Slovakia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Slovak Prime Minister Eduard Heger in Lancaster House, March 2022 The UK established diplomatic relations with Slovakia on 1 January 1993.^[201] Slovakia maintains an embassy in London.^[708] The United Kingdom is accredited to Slovakia through its embassy in Bratislava.^[709] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[710]
Slovenia	1992	See Slovenia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Slovenian Prime Minister Robert Golob at a European Political Community summit in Blenheim Palace, July 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Slovenia on 15 January 1992.^[185] Slovenia maintains an embassy in London.^[711] The United Kingdom is accredited to Slovenia through its embassy in Ljubljana.^[712] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[713] and an Investment Agreement.^[714]
Sovereign Military Order of Malta	2024	See Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta The UK established official relations with Sovereign Military Order of Malta on 9 October 2024.^[45] The Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintains the Grand Priory of England in London.^[45] The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta through a mission.
Spain	1509	See Spain–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez in 10 Downing Street, September 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Spain in 1509.^[715]^[716] Spain maintains an embassy in London.^[717] The United Kingdom is accredited to Spain through its embassy in Madrid, a consulate general Barcelona, and consulates in Alicante, Ibiza, Las Palmas, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, and Santa Cruz de Tenerife.^[718] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[719]
Sweden	1653	See Sweden–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson at a JEF summit in Tallinn, December 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Sweden on 23 December 1653.^[53] Sweden maintains an embassy in London.^[720] The United Kingdom is accredited to Sweden through its embassy in Stockholm.^[721] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, the Joint Expeditionary Force, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[722] a Mutual Defence Agreement,^[611] and a Strategic Partnership.^[723]
Switzerland	1891	See Switzerland–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Swiss President Viola Amherd at a European Political Community summit in Blenheim Palace, July 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Switzerland in 1891.^[88] Switzerland maintains an embassy in London, an honorary consulate general in Edinburgh, and honorary consulates in Belfast, Bermuda, Cardiff, the Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, and Manchester.^[88] The United Kingdom is accredited to Switzerland through its embassy in Bern.^[724] Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, OECD, OSCE, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have the Berne Financial Services Agreement,^[88] a Double Taxation Convention,^[725] and a Trade Agreement.^[726] The two countries are currently negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.^[727]
Ukraine	1992	See Ukraine–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Andy Burnham with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on the HMS Queen Elizabeth, July 2026 The UK established diplomatic relations with Ukraine on 10 January 1992.^[184] Ukraine maintains an embassy in London, and a consulate in Edinburgh.^[184] The United Kingdom is accredited to Ukraine through its embassy in Kyiv.^[728] Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Council of Europe, the European Court of Human Rights, the OSCE, a Trilateral Security Pact, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Development Partnership,^[729] a Digital Trade Agreement,^[730] a Double Tax Convention,^[731] a Security Agreement,^[732] and a Political, Free Trade and Strategic Partnership Agreement.^[733]

North America

Country	Since	Notes
Anguilla	N/A	See British Overseas Territories The UK is responsible for Anguilla's foreign relations as a British Overseas Territory. Anguilla maintains a representative office in London.^[734] The United Kingdom is accredited to Anguilla through its Governer's Office in The Valley.^[735] The UK has governed Anguilla since 1650. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement,^[736] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Antigua and Barbuda	1981	See Antigua and Barbuda–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Antigua and Barbuda on 1 November 1981.^[163] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Antigua and Barbuda maintains a high commission in London.^[737] The United Kingdom is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda through its high commission in Saint John's.^[738] The UK governed Antigua and Barbuda from 1632 to 1981, when it achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739]
The Bahamas	1973	See The Bahamas–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with the Bahamas on 10 July 1973.^[161] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. The Bahamas maintains a high commission in London.^[740] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Bahamas through its high commission in Nassau.^[741] The UK governed the Bahamas from 1648 to 1973, when the Bahamas achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.^[742]
Barbados	1966	See Barbados–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Barbadian Prime Minister Mia Mottley at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Barbados on 30 November 1966.^[150] Barbados maintains a high commission in London.^[743] The United Kingdom is accredited to Barbados through its high commission in Bridgetown.^[744] The UK governed Barbados from 1625 to 1966, when Barbados achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[745]
Belize	1981	See Belize–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary William Hague with Belizean Prime Minister Dean Barrow in London, June 2013 The UK established diplomatic relations with Belize on 21 September 1981.^[176] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Belize maintains a high commission in London.^[746] The United Kingdom is accredited to Belize from its high commission in Belmopan.^[747] The UK governed Belize from 1783 to 1981, when Belize achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[748]Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Agreement,^[749] and an Investment Agreement.^[750]
Canada	1926	See Canada–United Kingdom relations Prime minister Keir Starmer with Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney in Westminster City Hall, September 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Canada on 1 July 1926.^[106] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Canada maintains a high commission in London.^[751] The United Kingdom is accredited to Canada through its high commission in Ottawa, and consulate generals in Calgary, Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver.^[752] The UK governed Canada from 1783 to 1931, when Canada achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the Coalition of the Willing, the Commonwealth, CPTPP, Five Eyes, the G7, the G20, the International Criminal Court, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the UKUSA Agreement, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[753] and a Trade Continuity Agreement.^[754]
Costa Rica	1848	See Costa Rica–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Costa Rica on 28 February 1848.^[72] Costa Rica maintains an embassy in London.^[755] The United Kingdom is accredited to Costa Rica from its embassy in San José.^[756] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.^[757] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[758]
Cuba	1902	See Cuba–United Kingdom relations Foreign Office Minister Hugo Swire with Cuban Ambassador to the UK Esther Gloria Armenteros Cárdenas in London, December 2012 The UK established diplomatic relations with Cuba on 20 May 1902.^[91] Cuba maintains an embassy in London.^[759] United Kingdom is accredited to Cuba from its embassy in Havana.^[760] Both countries are members of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement,^[761] and a Political Dialogue and Co-operation Agreement.^[762]
Dominica	1978	See Dominica–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary James Cleverly with Dominican President Charles Savarin in Lancaster House, May 2023 The UK established diplomatic relations with Dominica on 13 December 1978.^[763] Dominica maintains a high commission in London.^[764] The United Kingdom is not accredited to Dominica through a high commission; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Bridgetown, Barbados.^[765] The UK governed Dominica from 1763 to 1978, when Dominica achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220]Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement,^[766] an Investment Agreement.^[767]
Dominican Republic	1850	See Dominican Republic–United Kingdom relations Foreign Office Minister David Rutley with Dominican Republic President Luis Abinader in London, May 2023 The UK established diplomatic relations with the Dominican Republic on 6 March 1850.^[76] Dominican Republic maintains an embassy in London.^[768] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Dominican Republic from its embassy in Santo Domingo.^[769] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have a Maritime Boundary Agreement.
El Salvador	1883	See El Salvador–United Kingdom relations British Ambassador to El Salvador Bernhard Garside with Salvadoran President Salvador Sánchez Cerén in San Salvador, March 2015 The UK established diplomatic relations with El Salvador in 1883.^[86] El Salvador maintains an embassy in London.^[770] The United Kingdom is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in San Salvador.^[771] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.^[757] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[772]
Greenland	N/A	See Greenland–United Kingdom relations The UK maintains relations with Greenland through its relations with Denmark. Greenland does not maintain a representation in the United Kingdom; Greenland develops relations with the UK through the Danish embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Greenland through its consulate in Nuuk.^[773] Bilaterally, the two countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.^[774]
Grenada	1974	See Grenada–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Grenada on 7 February 1974.^[163] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Grenada maintains a high commission in London.^[775] The United Kingdom is accredited to Grenada through its high commission in Saint George's.^[776] The UK governed Grenada from 1762 until 1974, when Grenada achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739]
Guatemala	1837	See Guatemala–United Kingdom relations Foreign Office Minister Hugo Swire with Guatemalan Foreign Minister Carlos Raúl Morales in London, November 2014 The UK established diplomatic relations with Guatemala on 12 July 1837.^[70] Guatemala maintains an embassy in London.^[777] The United Kingdom is accredited to Guatemala from its embassy in Guatemala City.^[778] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.^[757]
Haiti	1859	See Haiti–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Haiti on 13 May 1859.^[779] Haiti maintains an embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Haiti from its embassy in Port-au-Prince.^[780] Both countries are members of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[781]
Honduras	1849	See Honduras–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Honduras on 16 June 1849.^[74] Honduras maintains an embassy in London.^[782] The United Kingdom is not accredited to Honduras through an embassy; the UK is accredited to Honduras through its embassy in Guatemala City.^[783] The UK governed the Mosquito Coast from 1638 to 1787 and from 1816 to 1819. Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement.^[757]
Jamaica	1962	See Jamaica–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Jamaican Prime Minister Andrew Holness in 10 Downing Street, April 2018 The UK established diplomatic relations with Jamaica on 2 August 1962.^[140] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Jamaica maintains a high commission in London.^[784] The United Kingdom is accredited to Jamaica through its high commission in Kingston.^[785] The UK governed Jamaica from 1655 to 1962, when Jamaica achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[786]
Mexico	1826	See Mexico–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper with Mexican Foreign Secretary Juan Ramón de la Fuente in Toronto, November 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Mexico on 26 December 1826.^[64] Mexico maintains a high commission in London.^[787] The United Kingdom is accredited to Mexico through its embassy in Mexico City, and a consulate general in Cancún.^[788] Both countries share common membership of CPTPP, the G20, the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[789] an Investment Agreement,^[790] and a Trade Continuity Agreement.^[791] Additionally the two countries are negotiating a Free Trade Agreement.^[792]
Montserrat	N/A	See Montserrat–United Kingdom relations The UK is responsible for Montserrat's foreign relations as a British Overseas Territory. Montserrat maintains a representative office in London.^[793] The United Kingdom is accredited to Montserrat through its Governer's Office in Brades.^[794] The UK has governed Montserrat since 1632. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Arrangement,^[795] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Nicaragua	1859	See Nicaragua–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary William Hague with Nicaraguan Foreign Minister Samuel Santos López in London, November 2013 The UK established diplomatic relations with Nicaragua on 18 January 1859.^[81] Nicaragua maintains an embassy in London.^[796] The United Kingdom is accredited to Nicaragua from its embassy in San Jose, Costa Rica; there is no British embassy in Nicaragua.^[797] The UK governed the Mosquito Coast from 1638 to 1787 and from 1816 to 1819. Both countries share common membership of the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–UK Association Agreement. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[798]
Panama	1908	See Panama–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Panamanian President Juan Carlos Varela in 10 Downing Street, May 2018 The UK established diplomatic relations with Panama on 9 April 1908.^[93] Panama maintains an embassy in London.^[799] The United Kingdom is accredited to Panama from its embassy in Panama City.^[800] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Central America–United Kingdom Association Agreement.^[757] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[801] and an Investment Agreement.^[802]
Puerto Rico	N/A	See Foreign and intergovernmental relations of Puerto Rico The UK maintains relations with Puerto Rico through its relations with the United States. Puerto Rico does not maintain a representation in the United Kingdom; Puerto Rico develops relations with the UK through the US embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Puerto Rico through its consulate in San Juan.^[803]
Saint Kitts and Nevis	1983	See Saint Kitts and Nevis–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Saint Kitts and Nevis on 19 September 1983.^[178] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Saint Kitts and Nevis maintains a high commission in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis from its high commission in Bridgetown; there is no British high commission in Saint Kitts and Nevis.^[804] The UK governed Saint Kitts and Nevis from the 17th century to 1983, when Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739]
Saint Lucia	1979	See Saint Lucia–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary William Hague with Saint Lucian Prime Minister Stephenson King in Lancaster House, April 2011 The UK established diplomatic relations with Saint Lucia in 1979.^[173] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Saint Lucia maintains a high commission in London.^[805] The United Kingdom is accredited to its high commission in Castries.^[806] The UK governed Saint Lucia from 1803 to 1979, when Saint Lucia achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[807]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	1979	See Saint Vincent and the Grenadines–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with [Vincentian Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves in London, December 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Saint Vincent and the Grenadines on 27 October 1979.^[174] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines maintains a high commission in London.^[808] The United Kingdom is accredited to its high commission in Kingstown.^[809] The UK governed Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as part of the Windward Islands colony from 1833 to 1979, when Saint Vincent and the Grenadines achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739]
Trinidad and Tobago	1962	See Trinidad and Tobago–United Kingdom relations Prince Charles in Trinidad and Tobago, March 2008 The UK established diplomatic relations with Trinidad and Tobago on 31 August 1962.^[141] Trinidad and Tobago maintains a high commission in London.^[810] The United Kingdom is accredited to its high commission in Port of Spain.^[811] The UK governed Trinidad and Tobago from 1797 to 1962, when Trinidad and Tobago achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the CARIFORUM–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[812]
United States	1785	See United Kingdom–United States relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with US President Donald Trump in Chequers, September 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with the United States on 1 June 1785.^[54] UK–US diplomatic relations is commonly described as the "Special Relationship". The United States maintains an embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to the United States through its embassy in Washington, D.C.^[813] The UK governed the United States from 1585 to 1783, when the United States achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220]AUKUS, Five Eyes, the G7, the G20, NATO, the OECD, the OSCE, the UKUSA Agreement, the UNSC P5, the United Nations, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[814] an Economic Prosperity Deal,^[815] and a Mutual Defence Agreement.

Oceania

Country	Since	Notes
Australia	1936	See Australia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Australia in March 1936.^[110] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Australia maintains a high commission in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Australia through its high commission in Canberra, the UK also maintains consulate generals in Brisbane, Melbourne, and Sydney, additionally the United Kingdom maintains a consulate in Perth.^[816] The UK governed Australia from the late 18th century until 1942, when Australia achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of AUKUS, the Coalition of the Willing, the Commonwealth, CPTPP, Five Eyes, the Five Power Defence Arrangements, the G20, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the UKUSA Agreement, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Climate and Energy Partnership,^[817] Defence Agreement,^[818] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[819] a Free Trade Agreement,^[820] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Cook Islands	N/A	See Cook Islands–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary James Cleverly with Cook Islander Prime Minister Mark Brown at a United Nations General Assembly in New York City, September 2023 The UK has not established diplomatic relations with the Cook Islands; it does not recognise the Cook Islands as a sovereign nation. The Cook Islands does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Cook Islands through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Wellington, New Zealand.^[821] The UK governed the Cook Islands from 1888 until 1901, when the Cook Islands were transferred to New Zealand.^[822] Both countries share common membership of the World Health Organization.
Federated States of Micronesia	1992	See Foreign relations of the Federated States of Micronesia The UK established diplomatic relations with the Federated States of Micronesia on 31 August 1992.^[200] Federated States of Micronesia does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Federated States of Micronesia through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Suva, Fiji.^[823] Both countries are members of the United Nations and the World Health Organization.
Fiji	1970	See Fiji–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Cameron with Fijian Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka in London, May 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Fiji on 10 October 1970.^[155] Fiji maintains a high commission in London.^[824] The United Kingdom is accredited to Fiji through its high commission in Suva.^[825] The UK governed Fiji from 1874 until 1970, when Fiji achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.^[826] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[827]
Kiribati	1979	See Kiribati–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Kiribati on 12 July 1979.^[163] Kiribati does not maintain a high commission in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Kiribati through a high commission; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Suva, Fiji.^[828] The UK governed Kiribati from 1892 until 1979, when Kiribati achieved full independence as an independent Commonwealth republic. Both countries are members of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Health Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.^[829]
Marshall Islands	1992	See Marshall Islands–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with the Marshall Islands on 2 February 1992.^[192] The Marshall Islands does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Marshall Islands through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Suva, Fiji.^[830] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Health Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.^[831]
Nauru	1977	See Nauru–United Kingdom relations British Pacific Minister Zac Goldsmith with Nauruan President Russ Kun in London, May 2023 The UK established diplomatic relations with Nauru on 1 December 1977.^[163] Nauru does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Nauru through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Honiara, Solomon Islands.^[832] The UK officially governed Nauru jointly with Australia and New Zealand from 1914 until 1968, when Nauru achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, and the World Health Organization.
New Zealand	1939	See New Zealand–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with New Zealand Prime Minister Christopher Luxon at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with New Zealand in March 1939.^[110] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. New Zealand maintains a high commission in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to New Zealand through its high commission in Wellington, in addition to a consulate general in Auckland.^[821] The UK governed New Zealand from 1840 until 1947, when New Zealand achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Coalition of the Willing, the Commonwealth, CPTPP, Five Eyes, the Five Power Defence Arrangements, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the UKUSA Agreement, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have Free Trade Agreement, and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Niue	N/A	See Niue–United Kingdom relations The UK has not established diplomatic relations with Niue; it does not recognise Niue as a sovereign nation. Niue does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Niue through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Wellington, New Zealand.^[821] The UK governed Niue from 1900 until 1901, when Niue was transferred to New Zealand. Both countries share common membership of the World Health Organization.
Palau	1996	See Foreign relations of Palau The UK established diplomatic relations with Palau on 16 August 1996.^[205] Palau does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Palau through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its embassy in Manila, Philippines.^[833] Both countries are members of the United Nations and the World Health Organization.
Papua New Guinea	1975	See Papua New Guinea–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary James Cleverly with Papua New Guinean Prime Minister James Marape in Port Moresby, April 2023 The UK established diplomatic relations with Papua New Guinea on 16 September 1975.^[165] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Papua New Guinea maintains a high commission in London.^[834] The United Kingdom is accredited to Fiji through its high commission in Port Moresby.^[835] The UK governed Papua New Guinea from 1884 until 1906, when the territory was transferred to Australia. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.^[826] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[836] an Investment Agreement,^[837] and a Security Agreement.^[838]
Samoa	1970	See Samoa–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Samoan Prime Minister Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Samoa in September 1970.^[154] Samoa is not accredited to the UK through an embassy; Samoa develops relations through its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.^[839] The United Kingdom is accredited to Samoa through its high commission in Apia.^[840] Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.^[826]
Solomon Islands	1978	See Solomon Islands–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with the Solomon Islands on 7 July 1978.^[171] Both countries are Commonwealth Realms. Solomon Islands does not maintain a high commission in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is accredited to the Solomon Islands through its high commission in Honiara.^[841] The UK governed the Solomon Islands from 1893 until 1978, when the Solomon Islands achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Pacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.^[842] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.^[843]
Tonga	1970	See Tonga–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Tonga on 4 June 1970.^[153] Tonga maintains a high commission in London.^[844] The United Kingdom is accredited to Tonga through its high commission in Nuku'Alofa.^[845] The UK governed Tonga from 1900 until 1970, when Tonga achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[846]
Tuvalu	1978	See Tuvalu–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Tuvalu on 1 October 1978.^[163] Tuvalu maintains an honorary consulate in London.^[847] The United Kingdom is not accredited to Tuvalu through a high commission; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Suva, Fiji.^[848] The UK governed Tuvalu from 1892 until 1978, when Tuvalu achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, and the World Health Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Arrangement.^[849]
Vanuatu	1980	See United Kingdom–Vanuatu relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Vanuatu on 30 July 1980.^[175] Vanuatu does not maintain a high commission in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom is accredited to Vanuatu through its high commission in Port Vila.^[850] The UK governed Vanuatu from 1887 until 1980, when Vanuatu achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have signed an Investment Agreement.^[851]

South America

Country	Since	Notes
Argentina	1825	See Argentina–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Argentine President Javier Milei at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Argentina on 2 February 1825.^[60] Argentina maintains an embassy in London.^[852] The United Kingdom is accredited to Argentina through its embassy in Buenos Aires.^[853] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[854] and an Investment Agreement.^[855]
Bolivia	1840	See Bolivia–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Cameron with Bolivian Vice President David Choquehuanca in London, March 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Bolivia on 29 September 1840.^[856] Bolivia maintains an embassy in London.^[857] The United Kingdom is accredited to Bolivia through its embassy in La Paz.^[858] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.^[859]
Brazil	1827	See Brazil–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Brazil on 17 August 1827.^[860] Brazil maintains an embassy in London.^[861] The United Kingdom is accredited to Brazil through its embassy in Brasília, and consulates in Belo Horizonte, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo.^[862] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,^[220] the G20, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization.
Chile	1823	See Chile–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Chilean President Gabriel Boric at a G20 summit in Rio de Janeiro, November 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Chile on 14 September 1823.^[58] Chile maintains an embassy in London.^[863] The United Kingdom is accredited to Chile through its embassy in Santiago.^[864] Both countries share common membership of CPTPP, the International Criminal Court, OECD, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally, the two countries have an Association Agreement,^[865] and a Double Taxation Convention.^[866]
Colombia	1825	See Colombia–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Theresa May with Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos in Downing Street, November 2016 The UK established diplomatic relations with Colombia on 18 April 1825.^[61] Colombia maintains an embassy in London.^[61] The United Kingdom is accredited to Colombia through its embassy in Bogotá.^[867] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the OECD, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean Countries–UK Free Trade Agreement.^[868] Bilaterally the two countries havea Cultural Agreement,^[61] a Double Taxation Agreement,^[61] an Investment Agreement,^[869] a Partnership for Sustainable Growth,^[870] and a Security Agreement.^[871]
Ecuador	1853	See Ecuador–United Kingdom relations Foreign Office Minister Jeremy Browne with acting Ecuadorian Foreign Minister Kintto Lucas in Quito, July 2011 The UK established diplomatic relations with Ecuador on 29 January 1853.^[77] Ecuador maintains an embassy in London.^[872] The United Kingdom is accredited to Ecuador through its embassy in Quito.^[873] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean Countries–UK Trade Agreement.^[868] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement.^[874]
Falkland Islands	N/A	See British Overseas Territories The UK is responsible for the foreign relations of the Falkland Islands as a British Overseas Territory. The Falkland Islands maintains a representative office in London.^[875] The United Kingdom is accredited to the Falkland Islands through its Governer's Office in Stanley.^[876] The UK has governed the Falkland Islands since 1833. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Arrangement,^[877] and a Reciprocal Healthcare Agreement.^[430]
Guyana	1966	See Guyana–United Kingdom relations Prime Minister Keir Starmer with Guyanese President Irfaan Ali at a Commonwealth summit in Apia, October 2024 The UK established diplomatic relations with Guyana on 26 May 1966.^[149] Guyana maintains a high commission in London.^[149] The United Kingdom is accredited to Guyana through its high commission in Georgetown.^[878] The UK governed Guyana from 1803 to 1966, when Guyana achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.^[739] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[879] and an Investment Agreement.^[880]
Paraguay	1853	See Paraguay–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Paraguayan Foreign Minister Rubén Ramírez Lezcano in London, July 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Paraguay on 4 March 1853.^[78] Paraguay maintains an embassy in London.^[78] The United Kingdom is accredited to Paraguay through its embassy in Asunción.^[881] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[882]
Peru	1823	See Peru–United Kingdom relations Foreign Secretary David Lammy with Peruvian Foreign Minister Elmer Schialer in London, January 2025 The UK established diplomatic relations with Peru on 10 October 1823.^[59] Peru maintains an embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Peru through its embassy in Lima.^[883] Both countries are members of CPTPP, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the Andean Countries–UK Free Trade Agreement.^[868] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[884]
Suriname	1976	See Suriname–United Kingdom relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Suriname on 31 March 1976.^[166] Suriname does not maintain an embassy in the UK. The United Kingdom is not accredited to Suriname through an embassy; the UK develops relations through its high commission in Georgetown, Guyana.^[885] England governed Suriname from 1650 to 1667, when Suriname was ceded to the Netherlands. The UK occupied Suriname from 1799 until 1816.^[886] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[887] the Caribbean Development Bank, the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization, as well as the CARIFORUM–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement.^[888]
Uruguay	1833	See United Kingdom–Uruguay relations Prime Minister Boris Johnson with Uruguayan President Luis Lacalle Pou in 10 Downing Street, May 2022 The UK established diplomatic relations with Uruguay on 21 February 1833.^[889]^[890] Uruguay maintains an embassy in London.^[890] The United Kingdom is accredited to Uruguay through its embassy in Montevideo.^[891] Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic Co-operation Pact,^[220] the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention,^[892] and an Investment Agreement.^[893]
Venezuela	1834	See United Kingdom–Venezuela relations The UK established diplomatic relations with Venezuela on 29 October 1834. Venezuela maintains an embassy in London.^[894] The United Kingdom is accredited to Venezuela through its embassy in Caracas.^[895] Both countries share common membership of the International Criminal Court, the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.^[896]

Sovereignty disputes

List of territorial disputes involving the United Kingdom:

Territory	Claimants	Notes
Antarctica	United Kingdom • British Antarctic Territory Argentina • Argentine Antarctica Chile • Chilean Antarctic Territory	See Territorial claims in Antarctica The United Kingdom claims the area between 20°W and 80°W as a British Overseas Territory. The area between 25°W and 53°W overlaps Argentina's claim. The area between 74°W and 80°W overlaps Chile's claim. The area between 53°W and 74°W overlaps the claims of both Argentina and Chile.^[897]
Chagos Archipelago	United Kingdom • British Indian Ocean Territory Mauritius	See Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute The United Kingdom de facto administers the archipelago as the British Indian Ocean Territory. Mauritius claims the islands. On 22 May 2025, Mauritius and the United Kingdom signed a deal to transfer sovereignty to Mauritius; the dispute will end once both parties ratify it.^[898]
Rock of Gibraltar	United Kingdom • Gibraltar Spain	See Status of Gibraltar The United Kingdom de facto governs Gibraltar as a British Overseas Territory. Spain claims Gibraltar, disputing the interpretation of the Treaty of Utrecht, as well as the location of the border. Gibraltarians voted overwhelmingly to remain under British sovereignty in 1967 and 2002.
Falkland Islands	United Kingdom • Falkland Islands Argentina	See Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute The United Kingdom de facto governs the Falkland Islands as a British Overseas Territory. Argentina claims the Islands as part of its Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands province. In 1982, the dispute escalated when Argentina invaded the islands during the Falklands War. In 2013, the Falkland Islanders voted overwhelmingly to remain a British Overseas Territory.
Rockall Bank	United Kingdom Iceland Ireland Denmark • Faroe Islands	See Rockall Bank dispute Rockall is an uninhabited islet located within the exclusive economic zone of the UK. Ireland, Denmark, Iceland, and the UK have all submitted to the commission established under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).^[899]
South Georgia,South Sandwich Islands	United Kingdom • South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Argentina	See South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands sovereignty dispute The United Kingdom de facto governs South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands as a British Overseas Territory. Argentina claims the Islands as part of its Province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands province. In 1982, the dispute escalated when Argentina invaded South Georgia during the Falklands War.

Commonwealth of Nations

The UK has varied relationships with the countries that make up the Commonwealth of Nations, which originated from the British Empire. Charles III of the United Kingdom is Head of the Commonwealth and is King of 15 of its 56 member states. Those that retain the King as head of state are called Commonwealth realms. Over time, several countries have been suspended from the Commonwealth for various reasons. Zimbabwe was suspended because of the authoritarian rule of its President.^[900]

International organisations

The United Kingdom is a member of the following international organisations:^[901]

ACP - Atlantic Co-operation Pact^[220]
ADB - Asian Development Bank (nonregional member)
AfDB - African Development Bank (nonregional member)
Arctic Council (observer)
Australia Group
BIS - Bank for International Settlements
Commonwealth of Nations
CBSS - Council of the Baltic Sea States (observer)
CDB - Caribbean Development Bank
Council of Europe
CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research
CPTPP - Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans–Pacific Partnership
EAPC - Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
EBRD - European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
ESA - European Space Agency
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization
FATF - Financial Action Task Force
G7 - Group of Seven
G10 - Group of Ten
G20 - Group of Twenty
IADB - Inter-American Development Bank
IAEA - International Atomic Energy Agency
IBRD - International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (also known as the World Bank)
ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization
ICC - International Chamber of Commerce
ICCt - International Criminal Court
ICRM - International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
IDA - International Development Association
IEA - International Energy Agency
IFAD - International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFC - International Finance Corporation
IFRCS - International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
IHO - International Hydrographic Organization
ILO - International Labour Organization
IMF - International Monetary Fund
IMO - International Maritime Organization
IMSO - International Mobile Satellite Organization
Interpol - International Criminal Police Organization
IOC - International Olympic Committee
IOM - International Organization for Migration
IPU - Inter-Parliamentary Union
ISO - International Organization for Standardization
ITSO - International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
ITU - International Telecommunication Union
ITUC - International Trade Union Confederation
MIGA - Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
MONUSCO - United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NEA - Nuclear Energy Agency
NSG - Nuclear Suppliers Group
OAS - Organization of American States (observer)
OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OPCW - Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
OSCE - Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Paris Club
PCA - Permanent Court of Arbitration
PIF - Pacific Islands Forum (partner)
SECI - Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (observer)
UN - United Nations
UNSC - United Nations Security Council
UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNFICYP - United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus
UNHCR - United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNMIS - United Nations Mission in Sudan
UNRWA - United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
UPU - Universal Postal Union
WCO - World Customs Organization
WHO - World Health Organization
WIPO - World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO - World Meteorological Organization
WTO - World Trade Organization
Zangger Committee - (also known as the Nuclear Exporters Committee)

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